The dates on which the thermometers were taken into use are as 

 follows : 



Dry-bulb Thermometer. Wet-bulb Thermometer. 



105 a 



When the Fram was under way or at anchor, the observations were 

 made with the thermometers placed on a whirling machine, and rotated for 

 one minute. This was done as far as possible in the shade, and on a spot 

 that was free from radiating or conducted heat from any part of the ship. 



From the day when the ship became fast in the polar ice, the thermo- 



