250 REPORT OF COxMMISSlONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. 



curve to til*' norllnvard between Cape Grey and the Ugaf^uk, aud 

 thence to the eastward to the Nakuek Kiver. A narrow gravel bank 

 lines the coast in several places, behind which a strij) of water is seen 

 particularly at or near high tide. 



The Xaknek Kiver may be considered at the head of deep-water 

 navigation in Bristol liay. The Alhatro.ss found anchorage in G fiitli- 

 oins about (5 miles southwest from Cai>e Suworof, the water shoaling 

 rapidly to 3 fathoms toward the head of the bay. Vessels of moderate 

 dei)th can pass the bar at high water, but there is hardly depth enough 

 to Hoat a ship's boat when the tide is out. It is deeper inside, however, 

 and a small vessel may find anchorage with swinging room. There is 

 a fishing station on the river which is visited ])eriodically by a small 

 steam tender. The South Head is in latitude 58^ 42' 04.3" N., and longi- 

 tude 1570 02' 45.4" W. High water, full and change, 1" 05'"; rise 23 

 leet, approximate. Shoal ground makes off irom the west shoi'e, con- 

 fining the channel in one place to about 3 miles in width. It may 

 possibly be a middle ground with a channel on the other side, but the 

 conditions off Etolin Point seem to discredit it. 



The Nushagak Eiver is assuming considerable importance as the 

 location of a trading station and several large and well-equipped sal- 

 mon-canning establishments. Protection Point, at the entrance to the 

 river, is 50 miles SW. by W. from Naknek Eiver, and, owing to swift 

 currents and extensive shoals, it may be classed among the most intri- 

 cate pieces of navigation in Bristol Bay. A G-knot current is frequently 

 encountered; hence the shifting of banks and shoals must be expected, 

 and the necessity for the constant use of the hand lead becomes too 

 obvious to require remark; indeed, the warning from a lead on each 

 side will leave but a small margin of safety at times. The land on both 

 sides of the entrance is very low and it is diliicult to recognize Etolin 

 Point, even under favorable conditions. A vessel from the westward 

 would make the Walrus (Iroup and follow the coast to Cape Constan- 

 tine, and, having (cleared the outlying shoals, stand in for Protection 

 I'oint, which is difficult of recognition from a distance. 



Nichols Hills, 2<S0 feet in height, are a cluster of rounded elevations 

 5 miles northwest of the above point, and they are the first natural 

 objects distinguishable on the peninsula. Bring them to bear WNVV. 

 and stand in, keei)ing them on that bearing until Protection Point bears 

 about south, and anchor, making due allowaiu-e for falling tide. 



Tliere is a ])ilot station on the ])oint with a small Hagstaff, on which 

 a flag will be iioisted if the pilot is at home. He is an Eskimo and 

 speaks very little English, but lie knows tlie eliannel. If he is Jiot at 

 the point when the vessel arrives, he will probably be at Ekuk and 

 may be expected on board within a few hours if the weather is not too 

 rough for his kaiak. A stranger should not attempt to go above Pro- 

 tection Point witlumt a])ilot. Clark Point is a Idnff 200feetin height, 

 1<S miles N. by W. from Protection Point. The land begins to rise 

 below Ekuk, reaches its greatest elevation at Clark Point, and varies 



