SPAROID FISHES OF AMERK^A AND EUROPE. 441 



some. It lias always a ragged appearance in tlie iDarlcct, its scales 

 being less firmly attached than those of other species. 



This species is very closely related to L. grisetts, but so far as we 

 have seen the two may always be distinguished by the difl'erence in 

 form of the vomerine patch of teeth and by the development of the 

 canines of the lower jaw. These are larger in L. cyanopicrus than in 

 auy other American species. This species is almost identical with L. 

 ^jor^w/W.s'c/a^w-s of the Pacific coast, the somewhat larger month being 

 the most marked point of difterence. The dusky area or spot at base 

 of pectoral is more distinct in the Atlantic form. The (le)itati(s of 

 Bumrril and tlie cyaiioptent.s of Cuvier and Valenciennes are identical 

 with L. ciihcra Poey. This is shown by the examination of the origi- 

 nal types. J\[. jmrf/us C. & V. is probably the same, as is possibly 

 Genyoroge canina Steindachner. 



6. LUTJANUS GRISEUS. 



(Gray Snapper; Mangrove Snapper; Caballerote; Lawyer.) 



Tardus pinuis hranchialihiin caniis (Mangrove snapper), Calcsliy, Hist. Carolina, 



1713, tab. <). 

 ('(thiiJlvrole I'arra, Desov. l)if. Piczas, Hist. Nat., 1787, taf. 115, f. 1. 

 J.ahnis tjrisciis Linna'us, Syst. Nat., x,-1758, 283 (after Catesliy) ; Ijiinia'iis, Syst. Nat., 



XII, 176G, 474; Ciiielin, l?yst. NaT., 1788, 1283 (eopied) ; Plocli Ar Selnieider, 



Systemalebtliyol., 1801, 268 (eopied). 

 Li(tjauuf) (jriseus, Jordan, Proc. U. S. N. M. 1884 (ideiitilieatiou of C'atesby's ligure); 



Jordan &: Swain, 1. c, 439. 

 Sparm tetracanthus Bloeli, lelithyol., pi. 279, 1790 (on a drawing by Plnniier). 

 CUhla ietracantha, Bloeli & Sclineider, Syst. Ichtli., 1801, 338 (copied). 

 Anthias cahaUerotc Block & Scbneider, Syst. Icbth., 1801, 310 (after Parra). 

 Mesoprion cahaUcrofe Poej', Repertorio, ii, 1868, 157; Poey, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 



Phila. 1863, 187 (Cnba). 

 Lufjtinus cahaUerote, Poey, Synopsis, 293, 1868; Poey, Ennmeratio, 187;"), 26; Poey, 



Bull. U. S. F. C. 1882, 118 (Key West) ; Jordan & Gill)ert, Syn. Fisb. N. A., 



1883, 921; Jordan, Bull. U. S. F. C. 1884 (Key West); Jordan, Proc. U. S. 



N. M. 1884, 126 (Key West). 

 Jiodluniis rivanei Laceptde, iv, pi. 4, f. 3, 1803 (Martinicjne ; on a drawing by Pluniier). 

 MtHopvion (jriseus, Cuv. & Val., Hist. Nat. Poiss., ir, 18.8, 469 (San Honiingo); 



Guicbenot, Ramon de la Sagra, Hist. Cnba, 26 (Cnba) ; Ciintber, i, 194, 1859, 



(Cuba, Jamaica, Puerto Cabello, Briti h Giiiana). 

 Luijanns griseus, Cope, Trans. Am. Philos. Soc. 1871, 470 (St. Kitt's). 

 Lobotes emarginaius Baird & Girard, 9tli Sniitbsonian Rei)t. 1855, 332 (Beesley 



Point, New Jersey). 

 Xcomaiii.s cmargitiaius, Gill, Proc. Ac. Nat. Sci. Phila. 1861, 94 (Beesley Point). 

 Luijanns mxis, Gil], Rept. U. S. F. C. 1872-73, 806; (ioode, Bull. U. S. N. M. 1879, 



137 (West Florida); .Jordan, op. cit., 1880, 19 (Indian River, Florida); 



Bean, op. cit., 1880, 96 (Bermuda); Jordan & (;ill)ert, Syn. Fisb. N. A.. 



1883, 578 (not Spams cdxis Bloch & Scbneider). 

 Liiljduus steartisi Good'i & Bean, Proc. U. S. N. M. 1878, 179 (Pensacola); .Tordan <Sr 



Gilbert, Syn. Fisb. N. A., 1883, 519 (copied); Bean & Dn^sel, Proc. U. S. 



N. M. 1884, 163 (Jamaica). 



Habitat: New Jersey to Floiida and J*>razil. 

 Etymology: Griseus, gray. 



