476 liEl'ORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FlSII ANi) FISHERIES. 



44. HiEMULON FLAVOLINEATUM. 

 (French Grunt; Open-mouth Grunt; Ronco Condenado.) 



Diabaisis fiavolineatus Desmarest, Prem. Decade Ichtb., 1823, 35, pi. 2, f. 1 ; iJesmurest, 

 Dictioiinaire Classique, v, 235, about 1825, tab. 98, f. i (Cuba). 



AnarmostusJiavoHneatm, Piitiiaiu, Bull. M. C. Z., 1863, 12 (name ouly). 



HcEviuloit Havolineatum, Pocy, Kei)eitorio, i, 309, 1807; Poey, Synopsis, 318; Poey, 

 Euumeratio, 45; Jordan, Proo. U. S. N. M. 1884, 126 (Key West); Jordan 

 «fe Swain, 1, c, 305; Jordan, 1. c, 1889, 648 (St. Lucia). 



HcemuloH /if /erorfon Cuvier, Il^gne Animal, ed. 2, 1S29 (Diabase 7-ayee o{ Desmarest); 

 Cuv. &. Val., V, 1830, 255 (Martiui(ine) ; Poey, Kepertorio, i, 1867, 309. 



Hwmulon xanthopteroii Cuv. ifc Val., V, 1830, 254 (Mai'tiniqne). 



Hcvmulon xauthoptcrum, Giintber, 1,312, 1859 (Martinique, Jamaica, Trinidad, Puerto 

 Cabello). 



Hcemulum xanthopterum, Cope, Trans. Am. Philos. Soc. 1871, 471 (St. Croix). 



Hcvmylum xanthopterum, Bean, Proc. U. S. N. M. 1880, 96 (Bermuda; no description). 



Habitat: West Indies; Florida Keys and Bermudas to Brazil. 



Etymology: Flavus, yellow; Uneatns, marked Avith lines. 



This species is ratlier rare at Key West, where it is known as the 

 "French grunt" or "open-mtmth grunt." In Havana, it is more com- 

 mon, and is called '■'■ ronco condenado.'''' It reaches a length of nearly a 

 foot. Its peculiar coloration and large lateral scales render it one of the 

 mosteasily recognizable of thespecies, Tiie young showtwo dark lateral 

 stripes like the young of H. parra, rhnafor, etc. There is no doubt as 

 to the name to be retained for this species, the name flavolineatus of 

 Desmarest having clear priority over the names of species described by 

 Ouvierj the description and figure given by him being very good. In 

 the first description of the genus Rcemiilon, the Diabasis flavolineatus . 

 is expressly mentioned by Cuvier as one of tlie species to be referred to 

 the genus. The other names of the species are less certain. H. hetero- 

 don Cuv. certainly belongs here, and probably If. xantliopteron also. 

 Specimens are in the Museum at Cambridge from Havana, Tortugas, 

 Jer^mie, Hayti, Bermudas, Bahamas, Amelia Island, Florida, Barbados. 



45. HiEMULON CHRYSARGYREUM. 



Hcemulon chrysargyreum Giintber, i, 314,1859 (Trinidad); (liiuther, Shore Fishes, 

 Challenger, 7 (Fernando Noronha) ; Jordan A Swain, I.e. (copied) ; Jordan, 

 1. c.,18S9,048 (St. Lucia). 



Hcemulon iwniatuni Poey, Memorias, ii, 182, 1860 (Cuba); Poey, Syn. Pise. Cub., 319; 

 Jordan, Proc. U. S. N. M. 1884, 126 (Key West) ; Jordan & Swain, 1. c, 307. 



Brachyyenys ta-niata, Poey, Enum. Pise. Cub., 1875, 17. 



Habitat: West Indies; southern Florida to Brazil. 



Etymology: xP^'^'^^y yold; df)yi)(>-oi;^ silvery. 



This little fish, the smallest of the geiuis, is abundant both at Key 

 West and Havana. N(nu} of the si)ecimens seen exceed six inches in 

 length. This species ai)proaches more closely than any other to the 

 genus PomadasiH. It difi'ers from the others in the less dev^elopment of 

 the caveinous structure of the skull, the foramiuii on the frontal region 

 being inconspicuous. The specimens called twniatum are identical 



