SPAROID FISHES OF AMERICA AND EUROPE. 481 



ANALYSIS OF SPECIES OK ANISOTRKMUS. 



a. Scales above lateral liuo iu sories parallel witli the lateral line. 

 b. Dorsal spines rather low, the lonijest not more than half length of head; second 

 anal spine about half head. 



c. Pectorals much shorter than head, not reaching tips of ventrals; dorsal rays 

 XI, 13, the spines comparatively slender, the longest half head; 

 eye more than twice as wide as the narrow jireorbital. Body coni- 

 IM'essed, considerably elevated, the greatest height below the tifth 

 dorsal spine; profile rounded from base of first dorsal spine to the 

 nape, concave over the eyes, descending abrui)tly down the snout; 

 interorbital area twice orbit; snout thick and obtuse; teeth vil- 

 liforni in both jaws, with an outer series of conical teeth; pre- 

 opercle serrate, strongly on angle; a posterior notch in opercle 

 between two obtuse and feeble points; soft dorsal about as high as 

 spinous; second anal spine hmg and strong; caudal eujarginate. 

 Color dusky-grayish, with four irregular crossbands, which grow 

 faint with age; scales silvery with purple rellectious; membrane 

 between the scales brown; tins blackish. Head, 3,^; dejjth, 2f to 

 2|; D. XI, 13; A. iii, 10. Scales, 7-47-13; second anal spine, 2 in 

 head; fifth dorsal spine, 2; pectoral, 4^ Pacifici, 51. 



cc. Pectorals a little longer than head, about reaching anal fin; dorsal rays xii, 

 16, the spines short and stout, the longest 21 in head; eye 3|, 

 about one-fourth wider than the broad preorbital. Body ovate, 

 compressed, the back rather strongly arched; anterior profile, 

 rather s.teep and straightish, slightly depressed above eyes and at 

 the nape; snout very short, blunt and thick; mouth very small, 

 the maxillary not quite reaching to front of eye; lower jaw in- 

 cluded ; teeth cardiform, iu broad bands, the outer series enlarged, 

 but smaller than in A. imcijici ; i)reopercle rather weakly serrate; 

 gill-rakers short and weak, about 10 below angle; dorsal fin low, 

 rather deeply emarginate, the soft rays more than two-thirds 

 height of longest spines ; anal rather low, its margin perfectly 

 straight ; second anal spine very robust ; caudal moderately forked. 

 Color grayish silvery ; a faint dark bar from front of dorsal to level 

 of base of pectorals; lower parts of sides with indistinct darker 

 streaks ; vertical fins and pectorals dusky yellowish ; distal half 

 of ventrals and liase of anal blackish. Head, 3} ; depth, 2^^; D. xii, 

 16; A. Ill, 9; scales, 6-52-13; eye, 34; snout, 3; preorbital, 2f; 

 maxillary, 3^; second anal spine, 2; fourth dorsal spine, 24 ; pec- 

 toral, 3; gill-rakers, x-flO C^ESius, 52. 



hb. Dorsal spines very high, the longest 1? in head; second anal spine very long, 

 about If in head ; pectorals much shorter than head ; interorbital 

 area much less than width of orbit; snout obtuse, not much longer 

 than eye; cleft of mouth small, the maxillary extending to front 

 of eye ; dorsal and anal spines exceedingly strong, the third dorsal 

 spine the longest ; snout naked, the remainder of the head being 

 scaly ; each ray of the soft fins accompanied by a series of minute 

 scales, covering the caudal ; caudal fin slightly emarginate. Color 

 grayish-silvery, with five jet-black crossljands in the adult; fins 

 blackish. Head, 3; depth, 2; D. xii, 16; A. in, 9; scales, 8-18-15; 



second anal spine. If; third dorsal spine, If Dovii, 53. 



aa. Scales above lateral line arranged in oblique series which are not parallel with 

 the lateral line. 

 H. Mis. 113 31 



