IIo BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. 
Of very wide range in both directions. 
Crisia eburnea..................Labrador.to Florida (cosmopolitan). 
Fi Qe) hola bbl. ee som oe med ease: Cosmopolitan; upon our coast recorded from points as far south as Beau- 
LOL wNeLc: 
Membranipora pilosa........... Greenland to Beaufort, N. C. (cosmopolitan). 
Schizoporella unicornis. ........Greenland to Florida (Europe and Africa). 
Schizoporella biaperta......... Greenland to Florida (Spitzbergen, Algiers, etc.). 
Hippothoa hyalina .............Greenland to Florida (cosmopolitan). 
Bepralia pertttsa. = ./..5..060.0% Greenland to Florida (cosmopolitan). 
Position doubtful, owing to insufficiency of data. 
Membraripora aurita.......... Not previously recorded from America. 
Cellepora americana............(?) 
Lepralia pallasiana. ..:......... Perhaps northern. 
Lepralia americana............. Known only from a small section of our coast. 
Smittia trispinosa nitida....... Known from only a small section of our coast (also Australia). 
Bowerbankia gracilis caudata .. Known only from a small section of our coast. 
Thus a considerable majority of these species have either an almost unrestricted 
range in latitude, or a range of doubtful extent. Four have been classified as predomi- 
nantly northern and an equal number as predominantly southern. If, however, our 
calculations had been based upon the entire list of local Bryozoa, including the many — 
species (p. 106, 107) which were listed only from outlying points, we should have been 
led to regard our bryozoan fauna as being, on the whole, preponderatingly northern in 
its character. 
6. ECHINODERMATA. 
This phylum is represented in local waters by only 24(+1?) known species. Of 
these, 6 belong to the Asteroidea, 6 to the Ophiuroidea, 4 to the Echinoidea, and 8 (+1 ?) 
to the Holothuroidea. Eighteen of these species appear in the dredging records of the 
Survey, as follows: Asteroidea, 6; Ophiuroidea, 5; Echinoidea, 3; Holothuroidea, 4. 
Data relating to several other species have, however, been furnished by various of our 
Woods Hole collectors. The other records for local echinoderms are based mainly upon 
the published statements of Verrill and of H. L. Clark. In the classification adopted 
by us we have followed Dr. Clark. To this authority we are indebted for the identifi- 
cation of many specimens, as well as for the criticism of those portions of our manu- 
script which relate to the Echinodermata. 
Verrill and Smith (1873) listed 19 species of echinoderms for Vineyard Sound and 
adjacent waters. Among these were comprised 5 species belonging to the Asteroidea,® 
4 to the Ophiuroidea, 4 to the Echinoidea, and 6 to the Holothuroidea. To these must 
be added 1 holothurian (Molpadia oolitica), which was included doubtfully, and 1 
ophiuran (Amphiura abdita), which was reported by Verrill only from Long Island 
Sound, but which has since been found in Vineyard Sound and Buzzards Bay. Disre- 
garding the holothurian just mentioned, all of the species listed by Verrill for these 
waters have been taken by subsequent collectors. 
Except in one questionable case, our dredging operations have added no species 
to the known fauna of the region. This exception is the brittle star just referred 
a One of these, it is true (““Asterias arenicola Stimpson’’), is not now regarded as a distinct species, but is, as Verrill him- 
self thought likely, identical with A. forbesi. The name ‘‘green starfish,’’ by which Verrill repeatedly refers to this species, 
is certainly a misnomer, so far as our local specimens are concerned. 
