BIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF WOODS HOLE AND VICINITY. 155 
Some of these species (Thazs lapillus, Littorina rudis, Lacuna vincta, Acme«a testu- 
dinalts) are more or less common along shore, but rarely find their way into the dredge. 
A considerable number of the species were, on the other hand, only taken at Crab Ledge, 
and thus do not form any part of the fauna of Vineyard Sound or Buzzards Bay. 
The group of pelagic gastropods known as the Pteropoda is represented locally by 
a few species which are occasionally found in the outlying waters of the region. Only 
one of these, Cavolina tridentata, has been met within the dredge, a single shell having 
been taken near the western end of Vineyard Sound. Such a state of affairs is in striking 
contrast to the condition in some parts of the Atlantic Ocean, where the remains of 
this class of mollusks accumulate to such a degree as to form a veritable “ pteropod 
ooze,” covering wide tracts of the sea floor. 
Iv. CHPHALOPODA. 
Two species of squid, Loligo peal and Ommastrephes allecebrosus, are found in these 
waters. Only the former of these has been met with in dredging. Loligo has been 
frequently taken in the Fish Hawk dredgings throughout both the Sound and the Bay, 
being recorded from 73 stations (chart 189). It has never, however, been dredged by 
the Phalarope. ‘This is doubtless due to the active movements of this animal, which 
would not be readily caught in a small dredge net, although it would be taken with- 
out difficulty by the beam trawl. The eggs of the squid, on the other hand, were 
brought up very frequently both by the Fish Hawk and the Phalarope. The range 
of this species, as stated by Dall, is from Penobscot Bay, Me., to South Carolina. It 
thus ranks among the predominantly southern species. 
Shells of the little known Spirula peronii sometimes drift to the outer island shores, 
and one specimen of an octopus (Parasira catenulata) was taken many years ago in Vine- 
yard Sound. 
10. ADELOCHORDA. 
One species of Balanoglossus (B. aurantiacus (Girard)) is common at various points 
along shore, where it burrows rather deeply into the sand or gravel. So far as we know, 
it has never been taken locally with the dredge. 
11. TUNICATA. 
Tunicates, particularly the compound forms, constitute a conspicuous feature of the 
fauna of some portions of our local sea bottom. Certain species likewise abound on 
piles and on eel grass and rockweed along shore, while one or moré pelagic forms are 
occasionally abundant within the limits of our region. The total number recorded, 
however, is small, only 22 * determined species being included with certainty in our cata- 
logue; together with about 10 which are unidentified or doubtful. Of these 14(+6?) 
were encountered during our dredging operations. The average number of species taken 
per dredge haul was only 1.1, though considerable clusters of Styela partita, associated 
with Molgula manhattensis, Perophora viridis, Didemnum lutarium, and perhaps other 
compound forms were at times brought up together. The form having the most general 
@ Throughout our records Amaroucium pellucidum and ‘‘Amaroucium constellatum’’ were listed separately and treated as 
independent species. Owing to the ready distinguishability of these two forms and their somewhat different habitats we have 
not thought it worth while to readjust our records and computations, despite Dr. Van Name’s seeming demonstration of the 
specific identity of the two. 
