HISTORY OF THE AMERICAN MENHADEN. 183 



gallous ; G. S. Allyii & Co., 8i Millions ; Waley & Co. and Luce Brotbers, 

 3^ gallous; the Quiuuipiac Fertilizer Company, 3 J gallons; J. 11. Bisbo[), 

 3J gallons; and Fowler & Colburn, 3.] gallons. 



New York manufacturers are estimated as follows : Tbe Barren Island 

 Manufacturing Company, G. 11. Clark, W. Y. Fitbian & Co., 2^ gallons 

 to tbe tbousand; Smitb «& Yarington, 23 gallons; S.Jones & Co., 4i 

 gallons; eleven factories in Gardiner's Bay, 3 gallons. 



New Jersey manufacturers are estimated as follows : Morris «& Fifield, 

 2 gallons to tbe tbousand ; James E. Otis, Griffen & Vail, Cyrus IT. 

 Smitb, 2.^ gallons. 



Maine manufacturers in 1877 were reported as follows: Albert Gray 

 & Co., IJ gallons to tbe barrel; Gallup, Morgan & Co., 2^ gallons; 

 Fowler, Foot »& Co., 2i gallons; Suffolk Oil Company, 2\ gallons; R. 

 A. Friend, 2J gallons; Gallup & Holmes, 2^ gallons; Loud's Island 

 Company, 2f gallons. 



M. Maddocks declares tbat on tbe coast of Maine "one bundred and 

 ninety-five pounds of fisb make a barrel. One barrel yields about two 

 and a balf gallons of oil or eigbteen and tbree-quarter jjounds. One 

 barrel yields about eigbty pounds of cbum or scrap." 



Oil yield of Southern fish. 



255. Mr. Kenniston makes tbe following statement : " Corresponding 

 witb tbe successive appearance of tbe menbaden from Soutb to Nortb 

 tbere is a progressive improvement in size and fatness. Wben tbey arrive 

 in Cbesapeake Bay, in tbe spring, tbey are tbin and lean, and appear to 

 be sluggisb and stupid, so tbat tbey are easily caugbt — can almost be 

 taken out by tbe hand along tbe sbore, wbicb many of tbem follow 

 closely. Between Virginia and Maine tbe increase in weigbt is tbougbt 

 to be one-tbird. In tbe fall tbe increase still continues, but tbe order of 

 it is reversed, tbe fisb appearing to grow larger tbe fartber Soutb they 

 go, and on reaching Virginia again are twice as heavy as in the spring, 

 and have so gained in strength, swiftness, and wariness tbat they are 

 very hard to catch."* 



Mr. Dudley tells me that from bis experience of two years he knows 

 tbat tbe first runs of fisb in tbe Cbesapeake are fat. This is in March 

 and April. 



Mr. A. C. Davis states that the June fisb at Beaufort yield from f to 

 1 gallon, those in October and November 4 to 5 gallons. 



Mr. W. F. Hatsel, of Body's Island, states that the average yield is IJ 

 gallons to tbe barrel, 75 gallons to the ton of scrap. 



Comparison of yield in different localities. 



250. These statements indicate in a general way that the yield of North- 

 ern is greater than that of Southern fisb, though the disparity is not so 



* Boardman and Atkins, op. cit., p. 6. 



