BiOTic State of Energy 113 



calories that it represents, and so of the enormous amount of 

 intra-molecular energy that is stored in the haemoglobin mole- 

 cule. 



Naturally here we would not neglect the protective, the 

 metabolic, and the destructive action of the various blood 

 corpuscles in relation to the tissues through which they are 

 carried. But we would regard such actions as contributory 

 to or associated with the direct activation of tissue, effected 

 by increased or regenerated blood-flow, that increases supplies 

 of biotic energy. 



The remarkable experiments also of Carrel and of Ross 

 Harrison, in teniporary excision or transfer of vegetative organs 

 in animals, receive a basic explanation, as we would consider, 

 from the constant flow and energizing action of a biotic energy. 



We still lack an exhaustive set of morpho-physiological 

 studies on the action of various poisons on the cells and the 

 entire individuals of the Blue-green Algae. A comparison also 

 of such action on the lowest non-nucleate types such as Chroococ- 

 cus with like action on evolving chromatin types such as Oscil- 

 latoria would be most instructive. But, from the standpoint 

 of infection-resistance against various pathogenic bacteria, ex- 

 tensive experiments have been made. These indicate that 

 such mineral acids or salts as arsenious acid and copper sul- 

 phate, also various organic acids, and hydrocarbons such as 

 menthol and eucalyptol, have a destructive action. This is 

 possibly explained through withdrawal of needed oxygen from 

 the bacterial to the protoplasmic molecule, as suggested by 

 Binz and Schulz for arsenious acid. The formation of ozone 

 by eucalyptol seems to suggest a similar relation. Various 

 alkaloids, also, such as quinine and nicotine are bactericidal, 

 and seem likewise to owe this property to their connection 

 with normal oxygen supply. 



In all of the above cases then, and many similar ones, dis- 

 turbance of the normal oxygen supply probably breaks up 

 the protoplasmic molecules, and so sets free the stored energy 

 of the bacteria with their resulting death. It might here be 

 objected that such substances would also seriously injure the 



