808 Causes and Course of Organic Evolution 



it may be asked, did these differ fundamentally so that they 

 were or became so diverse in their life careers? We would 

 reply that such was due first to hereditary tendencies passed 

 doT\Ti in ancestral relation; second, that it was due in con- 

 siderable part to environal action from childhood upward; 

 and third that it was in large measure due to the different 

 proenvironal pathways projected, as a result of compounding 

 all the hereditary and environal stimuli — biotic, cognitic, 

 cogitic, and spiritic — into a complex resultant that became 

 lines of conduct pursued by each. 



Further it can in the most exactly scientific manner be 

 said that the sum-total of the life actions of the above three 

 types of individual worked toward and absolutely ensured 

 a life resultant that we would call good, indifferent, bad. Thus, 

 though Emerson in his "Representative Men" started out in 

 earnest manner to make a great hero of Napoleon, he entirely 

 succeeded in proving him to have finished up his career as 

 one of the most accomplished villains the world ever saw, 

 and who attempted to cloak his unscrupulous actions by con- 

 stantly invoking a '*Fate," a "star," a "destiny," so that he 

 might the better deceive humanity. 



In contrast, the life of Livingstone, bleeding out by degrees 

 for enslaved and down-trodden mankind, has been a model 

 and an incentive for all who have studied it. 



If each human life then be first analyzed, so that the average 

 biotic, cognitic, cogitic, and spiritic actions and reactions of 

 daily life be estimated aright, and the resultant combinations 

 of these be considered as a sum-total, we believe that a correct 

 estimate can be reached as to the good, the average, the bad 

 finished life. 



Here unfortunately it has to be confessed that we possess 

 only the most fragmentary records of even the most fully 

 recorded lives. The "Psalms of the Old Testament," the 

 "Confessions of Augustine," the "Essays of Montaigne," and 

 the diary of Amiel or of Richard Jeffries are duplicated by 

 few and surpassed by no other books. But how poor an idea 

 do they give us of all the thoughts, words, and acts that made 



