Ïderick] two plant ASSOCIATIONS 71 



12. Artemisia gnaphaloides, Nutt. (Compositae). The Prairie 

 sage, Western sage or Cud-weed Mugwort occurs on prairies and dry 

 banks from Ontario to Alberta. It has oblanceolate, entire or serrate 

 leaves, woolly on both sides, and numerous heads of flowers in large 

 panicles. 



13. Artemisia cana, Pursh. The Hoary Sage-brush is silvery- 

 canescent with almost linear leaves, often with 2 or 3 teeth at the 

 apex. The heads form a leafy cluster of yellowish flowers. It grows 

 on plains and hills from Saskatchewan to Calgary and south to Colo- 

 rado. 



17. Aster Commutatu?, T. & G. (Compositae). This aster has a 

 coarsely hairy stem- hair Imear leaves about 1-4 crn. long; and white 

 ray-flowers. It is found in August, on river banks and plains from 

 Saskatchewan io Lric. h Columbia. 



18. Chrysopsis hispida, (Hook). DC. (Compositae). The 

 Golden Aster is said by Macoun to be somewhat rare, but Rydberg 

 states that it occurs from Saskatchewan to British Columbia in sandy 

 river valleys, flowering from June to August. The stems are hairy 

 and glanduliferous. The lower leaves are oblanceolate and petioled, 

 the upper lanceolate and sessile, about 1-3 cm. long. The heads are 

 showy, radiate and golden yellow. 



19. Erigeron glabellus, Nutt. (Compositae). This fleabane has 

 narrowly linear-lanceolate leaves, and purple heads in clusters of about 

 three. The bracts are linear and pointed. This specimen is rather 

 hairy. The plant is found quite commonly from Winnipeg to the 

 Rocky Mountains, showing several varietal forms. 



20. Gutierrezia Sarothrae (Pursh). Britt & Rushby. (Compo- 

 sitae). Gutierrezia, Broom- Weed or Rabbit-Brush, which is asso- 

 ciated with Artemisiae after "blow-outs" in the Great Plains of the 

 United States, occurs in Saskatchewan and Alberta. Its stems are 

 from 1 to 3 dm. high and its linear leaves about 3^ to 13^ inches long. 

 The small, bright yellow heads are arranged in flat-topped cymes at 

 the ends of the numerous branches. 



21. Ratibida columniferae (Nutt.) Wood & Standi. (Com- 

 positae). This cone-flower is a perennial with a long taproot and 

 pinnately-divided leaves. The yellow ray-flowers droop about the 

 columnar grayish disc, which is three or four times as long as it is 

 thick. Thej^lant grows on dry prairies from Saskatchewan to British 

 Columbia, flowering in the spring and summer. 



22. Solidago glaberrima. Martens. (Compositae). The Mis- 

 souri golden-rod grows on dry prairies from Manitoba» to Alberta, 

 flowering from July to September. The lowest leaves are spatulate 



