74 



OBSERVATIONS AND RESULTS IN PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY 



direction for each station. The best criterion of the 

 errors involved jn these measurements is the scatter of 

 measured values of salinity of the deep water of the Pa- 

 cific. A composite graph showing such salinity values 

 from a number of stations when plotted against depth is 

 given in figure 2. All measured values from stations 

 130 to 149 inclusive and from depths below 1800 meters 

 are shown in this figure. The figures opposite the points 

 give the number of the oceanographic station at which 

 the sample was collected and those which are underlined 

 represent stations at which Copenhagen standard water 

 was used. It will be noticed that below 2000 meters only 



two points depart from the smooth curve by as much as 

 0.04 per mille. This particular group of stations has 

 been selected as an illustration because it is one of the 

 largest groups in which the deep water has similar char- 

 acteristics. Other groups show equally good agreement 

 between stations within a group. From these considera- 

 tions it is concluded that the salinities determined on the 

 Carnegie are reliable to about 0.04 per mille. The re- 

 sults of the salinity work are given in the table giving 

 the data obtained at the series stations (table 2, I-B), 

 and the vertical distribution curves are shown in the 

 graphs preceding the tables. 



LITERATURE CITED 



Wanner, F., E. H. Smith, and F. M. Soule. 1930. Appa- 

 ratus for the determination aboard ship of the salin- 

 ity of sea water by the electrical-conductivity meth- 



od. Dept. Comm. Bur. Stand. Res., vol. 5, pp. 711- 

 733. September. Washington. 



