102 



Records of the Indian Museum. [Vol. XXII ^ 



Viewed ventrally, the cerci show at their apices a very con- 

 spicuous whitish swollen area, which is protected by a brush of 

 strong, stiff hairs arising from around its base. The tip of this 

 swelling, which is also the apex of the cercus itself, carries a tumid 

 pore {gl) evidently the opening of some gland or internal cavity. 

 One might perhaps hazard the guess that water may be drawn in 

 through these pores, and that by this means the cerci first began 

 to function as gills. These structures are, in any case, unique 

 amongst Odonate larvae, and are therefore of the greatest interest. 



Text- FIG. 4. 



Anai appendages of larva of Epiophlebia laiiilawi n. sp. ; a, dorsal view ; b, 

 ventral view, ad, appendix dorsalis ; c, ceici ; c', cercoids ; gl, pore at apex of cer- 

 cus ; k. inxolucre of male inferior appendage of imago. 



If more material of this species, properly fixe(), could be obtained, 

 the internal morphology of tliese oigans should most certainly be 

 carefully worked out. 



Gizzard : — The gizzard was extracted by Mr. Laidlaw, and the 

 following description is made from a study of his slide. 



The armature consists of sixteen dental folds, eight of these 

 being major folds and eight minor. All the folds carry only 

 generalised, separate teeth. A feature not before noted, I believe, 

 in any Odonate gizzard, is the further specialisation of the eight 

 major folds into four distinctly broader and shorter, and four 



