226 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vol. XXII. 



arise and spread out in the lateral walls of the buccal mass. At 

 the postej-ior end of the buccal mass beneath the oesophagus lies 

 the radular sac, in which the radular ribbon is secreted. It is a 

 short stout tube having a somewhat dorsally directed nipple-like 

 posterior end. Above the odontophore the cavitj- of the buccal 

 mass is hour-glass shaped the upper portion having a ver^^ thin- 

 walled roof. Opening into the cavity are the ducts of the salivary 

 glands. 



The salivary glands are irregular asymmetrical racemose 

 glands, consisting of a number of branching and anastomosing 

 lobiiles. It is impossible accurately to separate the gland into right 

 and left portions, and hence in this respect Vivipara bengalensis 

 offers a marked contrast to Neoihaunia tanganyikense in which the 

 salivary glands are separate and form compact lobulated masses 

 (vide Moore, 1901, fig 2, pi. xxv). The main mass of the salivary 

 gland lies on the dorsal side of the oesophagus behind the central 

 nervous ring and is intimately bound up with the supra-oesophageal 

 nerve as it crosses the oesophagus from right to left. A pair of 

 delicate narrow salivary ducts arise anteriorly and pass forwards 

 beneath the cerebral commissure. 



The oesophagus is thin-walled and usually presents a greenish 

 appearance due to its contents. It passes backwards and to the left 

 and then turns towards the right again to pass up the columellar 

 aspect of the visceral hump. During its course backwards in the 

 floor of the branchial cavity it lies beneath the branchial fold and 

 above the main muscle mass : on its left side lies the supra- 

 intestinal nerve, and during this part of its course it lies in a well- 

 marked venous sinus and is in close relationship to the cephalic 

 aorta. At the posterior end of the mantle cavity the oesophagus 

 passes upwards in the floor of the pericardial chamber and so 

 reaches the liver. Finally in the upper part of the visceral hump 

 the oesophagus curves round and opens into the stomach. This 

 is a wide cavity occupying the third and fourth whorl. On 

 cutting away the superficial wall of the stomach the cavity is seen 

 to be incompletely divided into three regions, of which the upper 

 two represent the cardiac portion of the stomach, while the lower 

 part is the pyloric cavity. The junction of oesophagus and stomach 

 is marked by a crescentic fold, just beyond which lies the orifice of 

 the duct from the upper lobe of the liver. On the inner aspect, and 

 dividing the cardiac region into two, is a broad longitudinal fold 

 which passes downwards, and which aarries a well-marked blood 

 vessel. Below, this ridge divides into right and left folds which 

 diverge and form the line of separation between the cardiac and 

 pyloric regions. In the right half of the cardiac chamber the wall 

 of the stomach is thrown into a series of longitudinal parallel folds, 

 each fold being marked with a brown streak. The lower portion of 

 this cavity is lined by a thin layer of chitin, which becomes thicker 

 and more marked over the ridge separating the cardiac and pyloric 

 cavities. 



The pyloric portion of the stomach is a wide cavity that 



