362 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vol. XXII, 



Remarks. — This butterfly was most abundant in April when 

 other butterflies are scarce. 



Junonia orithy^ia, Linn. (579). 



1905. Jtinonia oritJiyia, Bing., torn, cit,, p. 358. 

 1912. Precis orithyia, Friih., iom. cif., p. 522. 



Barkuda, i8-viii-ig ; 3 and 29-ix-i9. 



Hab. — India, Burma and Ceylon, extending to the Malayan 

 subregion. 



Remarks. — Not a common species. 



Junonia almana, Linn. (579). 



1905. Junonia almana, Bing., toin. cit., p. 361. 

 1912. Precis almana, Fruli., torn, cit., p. 519. 



Barkuda, 7 and iS-viii-ig ; 11 and i9-iv-2o. 



Hab. — India, Burma and Ceylon, extending to China. 



Remarks. — Fairly common in August, 1919 and in April, 



1920. No specimens were taken in August 1920. 



Vanessa cardui, Linn. (579). 



1905. I'anessa cardiii, Bing., torn, cit., p. 365, text-fig. 67. 



Hab. — Distributed over the whole world and found in all parts 

 of India, Burma and Ceylon. 



Remarks. — Seen once in June, 1920 and in August of the 

 same year, 



Hypolimnas bolina, Linn. (580). 



1905. Hypolimnas bolina. Bing., turn, cit., p. 386, te.\t-fig. 69. 

 1912. Hypolimnas bolina, Fi'uh., torn, cit., p. 547, pi. Ii8i. 



Barkuda, io-25-viii- 19 ; r-4-ix-i9 ; i3-xii-i9. 



Hab. — India, Burma and Ceylon, extending to the ilalayan 

 subregion and China. 



Remarks.— 'R&thei common in 19 19 in the months stated 

 above but very much scarcer in 1920. The female, which some- 

 what resembles Euploea core on the wing, is approximatel}' twice as 

 common as the male. 



The caterpillar was sometimes very abundant in the vicinity 

 of Justicia diffusa var. procumbcns , a plant that exists on dry 

 stony soil. They are black, or very dark rich brown in colour, 

 with nine longitudinal rows of branched spines that extend as far 

 as the loth segment. The 4th segment has eight spines and the 

 I2th and 13th only two. The head is square in shape and ochra- 

 ceous or ochraceous-brown in colour, with a pair of branched 

 spines that are rather longer and thicker, and much darker than 

 those on the body. 



Hypolimnas misippus, Linn. (580). 



1905. Hypolimnas misippus, Bing., torn, cit., p. 388. 

 1912. Hypolimnas misippus, Fruh., torn, cit., p. 547. 



