564 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vol. XXII, 



lip. This ridge is, however, broadly excavated above the colu- 

 mella. There is hardly any trace of the umbilicus. The sculp- 

 ture consists of fine and regular longitudinal striae with coarser 

 longitudinal lines set at irregular intervals and of minute, almost 

 microscopic pustule-like granules scattered irregularly and some- 

 times confined to the ventral surface. Round the upper part of 

 the whorl, and sometimes also at its base, there are traces of 

 several obsolescent transverse grooves. The interior of the shell 

 is olivaceous, sometimes with traces of two or three broad chest- 

 nut bands. 



Half-grown shells are very different in appearance. They 

 have at least 3i whorls and sometimes traces of a fourth. The out- 

 line is rather narrowlj' ovate with the spire tapering and rather 

 narrow but blunt at the tip. The colour is dark olivaceous 

 green or brown with the internal bands more distinct and the 

 shell is much thinner. The whorls of the spire increase evenly 

 but rapidly in size and are flattened above, with two or more 

 rather deep grooves running round the upper surface. Without 

 interm.ediate individuals I would hardly have thought these two 

 types of shell specificall}' identical, but the series collected by 

 Mr. Sunder L,al Hora leaves no doubt on the point. 



In verj- young shells, not more than 5 mm. long, there are 

 5 whorls and the apex is acuminate. 



The operculum is of the type normal in Paludomus, s.s., being 

 of ovate form with a small spiral figure situated in the anterior 

 inner region. 



The radula does not differ materially from that of Melanoides, 

 except that the outer lateral and the marginal are more spatu- 

 late (fig. 9B). 



Type-series. — No. M 1 1855/2 Zool. Surv. Ind. {hid. Mtis.). 



Localities, etc. — .Specimens were obtained by Mr. Sunder Lai 

 Hora from one stream in the south part of the Manipur Vallc}-. 

 Specimens were also purchased, with those of Vivipara crassi- 

 spiralis in the Imphal bazaar, but were said to have come from 

 the same district. Mr. Hora obtained his specimens on a pebbly 

 bottom in clear, rapid-running water. 



Affinities. — The species is closely allied to P. conica (Gray) 

 and especially to the race kopiliensis, Nevill, from northern Assam. 

 The sculpture is, however, more delicate and the body-whorl as 

 seen in ventral view considerably more elongate. Of the shells 

 figured in the Conchologia Indica the nearest is paludinoides , 

 Reeve (pi. cxxiii, fig. 9), but the aperture in my new species is 

 more oblique, longer and narrower, the inner outline more 

 irregular and the colour much duller and darker. The young shell 

 is not unlike the figure of clavata (fig. 4) from Ceylon on the 

 same plate, but its aperture is much larger and more patent. 



