1921.] S. I,..HoRA : Fislies of the genus Garra. 661 



base of the caudal fin than to the anterior end of the snout. The 

 pectorals are shorter than the head and are sharp in the middle. 

 Thej' are separated from the ventrals by a distance less than f of 

 their own length ; the ventrals extend to the anal opening. The 

 anal fin is short and almost reaches the base of the caudal, which 

 is deeply emarginate. There are 30 to 31 scales along the lateral 

 line and 8 longitudinal series of scales between the bases of the 

 dorsal and ventral fins ; a scaly appendage is onlj- present near 

 the base of the ventral fin in the female. The scales on the 

 chest and the belly in the male are much reduced and, indeed, to 

 the naked eye the}- appear almost absent ; in the female con- 

 spicuous scales are present on the bellj', but ou the chest they 

 are somewhat reduced. 



The air-bladder, in the j-oung specimens that I have examined, 

 is quite normal ; its length is contained about 3 times in the total 

 length of the fish. The following are the measurements of the 

 bladder in an immature male specimen 54'5 mm. in length : — 



Length of anterior chamber , - ... ... 5 mm. 



,, posterior ,, .. .. ... 9"5 mm. 



Greatest diameter of anterior chamber ... ... 3'3 mm. 



,, ,. posterior ,, ... ... 3'o mm. 



The following changes in the colour of the fish were noticed 

 b}' keeping it living in water in a small dish : — " immediately after 

 it was removed from the stream the fish was almost transparent, 

 but shortly afterwards a black longitudinal streak was observed 

 along the lateral line and above it was a whitish band running 

 from behind the eye to the base of the caudal fin. An indistinct 

 black blotch was also to be seen on the sides of the tail near the 

 base of the caudal fin." On transferring the fish to weak alcohol, 

 the upper surface was noticed to be greenish and the belly yellowish- 

 white, the fins immaculate except for the few rays in the dorsal 

 and the caudal fins which were streaked with black along their 

 length. These observations were made on a female specimen in 

 the field in October ; but since then the specimens have changed 

 considerably in spirit and there are marked differences in the 

 colouration of the male and the female examples. In a female 

 specimen the whole of the upper surface of the head and body is 

 dusky and the ventral dirty white. There is also a longitudinal 

 streak on the sides which begins in a prominent black spot near 

 the upper margin of the gill-opening and ends in a rounded black 

 blotch near the base of the caudal fin which is lightly streaked in 

 the middle. In the male the general colouration is very mitch the 

 same, but instead of a longitudinal black stripe there are 5 or 6 

 longitudinal wavy black lines, most conspicuous in the tail region, 

 and the black blotch near the base of the caudal fin is replaced 

 b}- a short vertical bar. There are minute black spots near the 

 bases of the dorsal fin- rays and the membrane between these is 

 also blackened in certain regions. 



This species instead of having a very wide range, as stated 

 by a number of authors, is restricted to the eastern part of the 



