682 Records of the Indian Museum. [Vol. XXII, 



Annandale pointed out in the description of the species that 

 it " must be accepted as an extremely primitive representative of 

 Discognnthus.' ' In another paper in the same vohime (p. i6s) I 

 concurred in the same view. I have now examined the skeleton 

 and the air-bladder more closely and find some corroborative evi- 

 dence, but as has already been pointed out it is impossible to ex- 

 press any final opinion on the subject until the Malayan species as- 

 signed to Crossochiliis are examined anatomically. 



I have prepared skeletons of the jaws in Crossochilus latia, 

 Cirrhiim mri'^iala and Garra adiscus for comparison and find great 

 similarity as regards their bony structure in G. adiscus and C. mri- 

 gala. Both these differ from C. latia in having a longer articular 

 bone and better developed branchiostegal raj's. They also differ 

 in the character of the basibranchiostegal bone or urohyal. Cor- 

 related with these differences there are others in the air-bladder. 

 Whereas the bladder of C. mrigala and G. adiscus are of the nor- 

 mal type, in C. latia it is somewhat reduced and differs considerably 

 from the normal form, more closelj' resembling that of some ad- 

 vanced species of Garra. The posterior chamber has become cylin- 

 drical with an almost uniform thickness throughout, and its walls 

 are also thickened. It is clear, therefore, that G. adiscus is more 

 closely allied to Cirrhina than it is to Crossochilus. In this respect 

 G. adiscus agrees with other less modified species of Garra I have 

 examined. 



The following are the measurements ot the bladder in a speci- 

 men 58 mm. in length : — 



Length of anterior chamber .. . (>"8 mm. 



,, posterior ,, 11.. 



Greatest diameter of anterior ch.imbur 4'.S 



,, posterior ,, ,V2 



The systematic position of this species is rather doubtful. I 

 provisionally include it in the genus Garra. 



Garra rossicus (Nikolsky). 



l88q. Discognatlris laiiifa, Giinther, Traits. Liiiii. Soc. London \ (2), 



V1897. Discognathus variabilis. NilsoislNX . Ann. Miis. Zool. Ac. Set. Sf. 

 Petersbiirgh II, p. ,,47. 



1899. Discognatlius variabilis, Nikolsky, ibid., \\ . p. 41.'. 



1900. Discognathus rossicus, Nikolsky, ibid., \ , p. 239. 



1905. Discognathus rossicus. Berg, /sv. Vosf.-sibir. 1\'. N'uip. d. p. 



261, pi. iv. 



1906. Discognathus variabilis, Regan, "Journ. As. Soc. Bengal II p. S. 



1919. Discognatlius phryne, Annandale, Rec. Ind. Mtis. XX'III. p. 70, 



pi. X, tig. 3 ; pi. xi, fig. 2. 



1920. Discognathus phryne, Annandale and Hura, ibid., p. 166. 



This species is closely allied to G. variabilis. Heck., from 

 which it differs in the following characters : — 



(i) The origin of the dorsal fin is considerably nearer the base 

 of the caudal fin than the tip of the snout. 



(ii) The minimum height of the dorsal fin is contained more 

 than twice in its maximum height. 



