ig2i.] T. Kaburaki : Notes on Leeches. 711 



The nephridial pores comprise in all seventeen pairs, lying in 

 the furrow separating the second and third rings of the middle 

 seventeen somites. 



The anus opens on the dorsal surface just behind the last 

 ring. 



The body, though showing some individual variations in col- 

 our and markings, is usually brownish olive or olive-yellow, with 

 five black stripes, one median and two lateral, along each of 

 which are found, at regular intervals, oval or quadrangular spots 

 which are free from pigment. In the second and third rings of 

 each somite the spots are divided into two by a transverse line. 

 On each side of the median stripe is seen a shadowy stripe, which, 

 in some instances, may be marked by clear spots. The margins 

 of the body are generally of a lighter colour, bordered on the 

 inner side with a narrow stripe of black, or with flecks of the same 

 colour. A specimen from Japan is of a greyish-olive colour with 

 dark brown stripes, along which the spots are much reduced in 

 size or sometimes wanting. 



The ventral surface is generally dotted with black flecks, 

 which alongside the lateral margin are so numerous that they form 

 broad black borders. 



Genus Limnatis, Moquin-Tandon. 

 21. Limnatis nilotica (Savigny), 1822. 



I have examined a single example' identical with Limnatis 

 nilotica, which occasionally attaches itself to the mouth, throat, 

 and nasal cavity of human beings and cattle, generally causing 

 haemorrhage. It represents one of six specimens obtained at 

 Quetta, Baluchistan, from the throat of an Austrian soldier. 



This leech has a wide distribution, extending from the Azores, 

 through part of Western Europe as well as Northern Africa, to 

 part of Western Asia, and even into the boundaries of the Indian 

 Empire. It can be easily distinguished from the following, L. 

 granulosa, by the difl"erence in colour markings. 



22. Limnatis granulosa (Savigny), 1820. 



This species represents one of the commonest Indian leeches, 

 numerous examples having been collected at several localities : 

 Panjab, Bombay, Mysore, Madras, Orissa, Bihar, Assam, Burma, 

 Cej'lon and elsewhere. As has been mentioned in a recent account 

 {loc. cit.), this leech exhibits great variability in colour and mark- 

 ings. 



L. javanica (Wahlberg), which is known to occur in Java, 

 Borneo. Sumatra, Burma, Bengal, etc., is nearly allied to the pre- 

 sent species, but can be easily distinguished from it by the separa- 

 tion of the genital orifices by seven instead of five rings as well as 

 by the enormous size of its posterior sucker. 



' Sec Kaburaki. Rec. hid. Mus. XVIIl. p. 21,^ (1921I. 



