NO. 1 OSBURN: eastern pacific BRYOZOA — CHEILOSTOMATA 91 



rounded knobs, the "condyles" of Canu and Bassler, which as in C. patula 

 appear to be too far below the level of the operculum to serve as hinge 

 denticles; they are often wanting. The avicularia are usually paired in 

 the proximal corners, triangular and directed forward or laterally. When 

 ooecia are present the avicularia are more or less fused with the ectooeci- 

 um and are directed proximally or laterally. In addition there is often 

 a larger frontal avicularium with a longer triangular mandible; this is 

 occasionally mounted on a tall peduncle. Six distal spines with black 

 joints. 



The ooecia are hyperstomial, prominent, with the usual crescentic 

 area around the orifice, length 0.18, width 0.26 mm. 



Described by Canu and Bassler from the Galapagos Islands. 



Distributed along the coast and about the islands from Santa Cata- 

 lina Island, southern California, to Colombia and the Galapagos Islands; 

 Thurloe Head, Lower California; San Francisco Island, Gulf of Cali- 

 fornia; Petatlan and Tenacatita Bays, Mexico; Socorro Island, west of 

 Mexico; Pinas Bay, Panama; taken at 28 stations, most common about 

 the Galapagos Islands. Shore to over 100 fms. 



Ghapperia californica new species 

 Plate 10, fig. 5 



Chapperia galeata, Canu and Bassler, 1923:52 (part, PI. 34, fig. 8, but 

 not figs. 9 and 10 which are C. patula). 



Zoarium encrusting stems, or bilaminate, white to reddish brown. 

 Zooecia moderate in size, 0.45 to 0.60 mm long by 0.35 to 0.40 mm wide, 

 often elongate and narrowed proximally; the mural rim thin and high 

 and somewhat flaring in the sides, elevated distally. The cryptocyst 

 broad proximally, continued around the sides of the opesia, granulated. 

 Opesia short elliptical, oval or rounded, but averaging longer than broad, 

 0.35 to 0.40 mm long by 0.25 to 0.35 mm wide. The occlusar-lamincic 

 beneath the distal end of the opesia are rather long, their borders nearly 

 straight and converging at the distal end. The spines are 4 to 6 in number, 

 tall and slender, jointed at the base and more or less directed forward 

 or erected. 



The avicularia, frequently wanting, are sessile or slightly elevated, 

 median, directed distally, the mandible short to long triangular (0.08 to 

 0.18 mm long), with small cardelles; always absent distal to an ooecium. 



The ooecium is hemispherical, cucullate, prominent, hyperstomial, 

 with a wide aperture. The usual crescentic area is present above the aper- 

 ture. The ectooecium is transversely lightly rugose and there are longi- 

 tudinal small striae, making a faint lattice-work on the surface. 



