92 ALLAN HANCOCK PACIFIC EXPEDITIONS VOL. 14 



There is considerable resemblance to C. galeata (Busk), especially in 

 form of the opesia and the arrangement of the spines, but in the speci- 

 mens figured and described by Busk and by Jullien from the Falkland 

 Islands (lies Malouines) the ovicell is always covered distally by an 

 avicularium which presents the form of a crest on the galea. There are 

 no avicularia associated with ovicells on the several colonies which I have 

 studied. Also I find no mention of the decoration of the ectooecium in 

 C. galeata. 



The figure presented by Canu and Bassler (1923, pi. 34, fig. 8) of 

 Pleistocene specimens from California show no avicularia associated with 

 the ovicells. 



Type, AHF no. 22. 



Type locality, off San Pedro, California, several colonies encrust- 

 ing hydroid stems and small worm tubes. In addition there is a bilaminate 

 colony from Station 1250-41, one mile south of San Benito Island, off 

 the coast of Lower California, 28°17'N, 115°35'40"W, at 49 fms; and 

 Stations 1187-40 and 1431-41, off Santa Catalina Island, California. 

 Also a specimen from the Lower Pleistocene at Timm's Point, California 

 (San Pedro), collected by G. P. Kanakoff. 



Ghapperia frontalis new species 

 Plate 10, fig. 4 

 This is a remarkable little species, characterized by the fusion of 

 spinous processes to form a sort of pericyst high above the opesia and 

 extending forward over the aperture and ooecium. The zoarium is en- 

 crusting, small, white and shining. The zooecia are small (0.40 mm long 

 by 0.25 mm wide) and very deep so that the zooecia appear to stand 

 almost on end. The opesia is transversely oval, somewhat straighter on 

 the distal border, 0.20 mm wide by 0.15 mm long, its border smooth and 

 little raised. The occlusar-laminae within the aperture are narrow and 

 diagonal. The gymnocyst is short and bears a raised median avicularium 

 with a triangular mandible directed upward and backward. The crypto- 

 cyst is a moderate, smooth shelf, extending forward on the sides to the 

 level of the operculum. 

 The striking feature of this species is found in the nature of the 

 fenestrated frontal cover like a pericyst high above the opesia. There is 

 a pair of long flattened spines opposite the operculum which curve up- 

 ward and forward, the tips meeting and often fusing. From around the 

 base of the avicularium about 5 (4 to 6) flat, hollow processes extend 

 in a radiating manner, sometimes bifurcating, and fusing with each 



