NO. 3 OSBURN : EASTERN PACIFIC BRYOZOA CYCLOSTOMATA 701 



Disporellidae, alveoli not roofed in but partially closed "iris-like" 

 with a round hole at the center; brood-chambers between the rays; 

 zoarial budding lateral. 



This separation seems to work very well with the few species treated 

 by Borg, but, unfortunately for taxonomic purposes, the three characters 

 used by him to distinguish Lichenopora and Disporella do not appear 

 to be constant throughout the series. Thus in Lichenopora buskiana, 

 novae-zelandiae and intricata, which have irregular cancelli closed by a 

 membrane, the budding is lateral with the sub-colonies beyond the margin 

 of the primary disc. The location of the ovicells, in the central area or 

 interradial, shows frequent variations. Also the closure of the cancelli, 

 by a thin porous membrane or by an iris-like diaphragm, is not constant, 

 as both types may occur on the same zoarium. In L. intricata Busk, the 

 interradial cancelli and those of the central area of infertile discs have 

 the rounded cancelli, while the fertile discs present the irregular cancelli 

 above the ovicells ; in several of the elongated discs of this species both 

 kinds of cancelli are present, the irregular ones covering the ovicell at 

 one end and the rounded cancelli at the opposite infertile end. 



Apparently the only character that seems to hold absolutely is the 

 presence of irregular, thin-walled secondary cancelli covering the ovicells 

 in Lichenopora. 



Genus LICHENOPORA DeFrance, 1823 



Brood-chambers, one or more, occupy the central area and may extend 

 somewhat into the interradial areas; in older zoaria secondary small 

 brood-chambers may appear between the rays toward the margin. Can- 

 celli (alveoli) of the primary layer thin-walled, irregular in form and 

 size, and closed by a thin, perforated, calcified layer; secondary cancelli 

 above these may be similar to these or may be thicker-walled with large 

 rounded apertures. Marginal zoarial budding sometimes occurs but 

 vertical budding is the rule. The distribution of the functional zoids 

 varies much among the species, in short or longer connate or non-connate 

 rays or in irregular quincunx. Genotype, L. turbinata Def ranee, 1823: 

 257. 



Key to the Species of Lichenopora 



1. Radiating rows of tubules biserial buskiana 



Rays uniserial or more or less in quincunx 2 



