[sATTERLY-EL worthy] CANADIAN MINERAL SPRINGS 23 



tabulated list of results and it will be seen that the Canadian waters 

 give figures of the same order especially with regard to the radium 

 emanation content. Thus, Sanitaris, Adanac, Varennes, Radnor- 

 Forges and Potton all show a slightly higher content than the Emperor, 

 the Hawthorne or the Geyser Springs at Saratoga, though not as high 

 as the Crystal Rock Spring. While the Canadian waters give lower 

 figures for the radium salts in solution, the gases evolved possess a 

 higher radioactive content in most instances. 



In regard to the individual springs, Radnor Forges Spring was 

 found to be the most active of any measured in Ontario or Quebec, 

 but the radium it carries in solution is low. 



Potton, Varennes, Adanac, Sanitaris, follow it in descending 

 order each one possessing an activity of over 200 X 10"^^ curie per 

 litre, yet of these only the Varennes water contains radium salts in 

 much more than a measurable amount. The Philudor water is the 

 most permanently radioactive. 



Relation between radioactivity and other properties. 



As far as possible information has been collected as to the for- 

 mations from which the springs issued with the hope that there might 

 be a relation between the radioactive value of the waters and the geo- 

 logical formation, through which the water had passed. No such 

 relation, however, is apparent. Engler and Sieveking as a result of 

 testing several hundred springs in Southwest Germany, Austria and 

 Italy, ^ stated that springs arising from granite rocks are generally 

 more active than those from sedimentary formations. More recent 

 work on Swedish springs by N. Sahlbohm^ has confirmed this. This 

 generalization would be expected from the work of Hon. R. J. Strutt^ 

 on the radium content of rocks. Examining specimens from most 

 parts of the world he found granites to be considerably more radio- 

 active than sedimentary rocks. 



However, nearly all the springs investigated in this work rise 

 from sedimentary formations and even though these are the most 

 ancient deposits known, their radioactive content is small. Most 

 of the springs issue either from the Trenton limestone or else from the 

 Utica or Hudson River formation. Professor Eve* found the radium 

 content of a sample of Trenton limestone from the neighbourhood 



1 Engler & Sieveking, Zeit. Anorg. Chem. 1907 53 1-25. 



2 Sahlbohm, Arkiv Kem. Min. Geol. 1916-6. 

 ^Strutt, Proc. Roy. Soc. 77A 472 and 7A, 150. 

 ^ Eve, Phil. Mag. August 1907, p. 231. 



