64 THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 



exhibited in the Passamaquoddy region. In the latter the absence 

 of stratification in the water is to some extent reflected in the distri- 

 bution of the fishes. Some of them, it is true, are shallow water 

 forms (flounder, grubby, sculpin, butter-fish) others occur only in the 

 deep water (plaice, sole, hagfish), some are restricted to the estuaries 

 (smooth flounder, tomcod) and others to the open coast (grubby, 

 Ulvaria bifurcata). It is, however, not possible to define such dis- 

 tinct faunas as those of the gulf of St. Lawrence, seeing that the 

 mackerel, cunner, and grubby of the warm-water zone of the gulf are 

 here comparatively rare and a new shore fish, the daddy sculpin, {My- 

 oxocephalus groenlandictis) , makes its appearance, which species belongs 

 to the cold waters of the Arctic and is apparently excluded from the 

 Magdalen shallows by the warmth of the shore waters in summer. 

 Also the plaice and sole of the ice-cold zone of the gulf are not very 

 numerous and do not attain a large size. The grenadier and rockling 

 of the deep channels of the gulf are here found in shallow water or are 

 even brought to the surface, although they are rare. Professor 

 McMurrich received in 1917 a grenadier that had been taken by a 

 fisherman from a weir. The rose-fish of the deep channels of the gulf 

 may be caught in company with the cunner of the warm-water zone, 

 far up an estuary, as for example in the St. Croix River. 



Goode (1884, p. 260) states that these two fishes may be caught 

 together from the wharfs at the north, but gives no locality. How- 

 ever, the context seems to show that he referred to the coast of north- 

 ern Maine. 



The important fishes of the Passamaquoddy region are those 

 of the intermediate zone, between the warm surface water and the 

 ice-cold bank water, of the gulf of St. Lawrence. Such are the herring, 

 hake, haddock and pollock, whereas the cod of the ice-cold zone, and 

 the mackerel of the warm surface water occupy secondary positions. 



We give a table which shows the total quantities of these fishes 

 in hundredweights landed during 1916 on the coast of the Bay of 

 Fundy in the Passamaquoddy region (from Campobello to Red Head, 

 Charlotte county, N.B.), and on the coast of the gulf of St. Lawrence 

 in the Cheticamp region (from Pollet's Cove to Broad Cove Chapel, 

 Inverness County, N.S.) respectively, these regions exhibiting the 

 contrasted conditions in their extreme forms. In each case the coast 

 is rather bold, and the bottom, which is of rock or mud, drops rather 

 abruptly to depths of from 20 fathoms at one end to about 80 fathoms 

 at the other, so that the districts are quite comparable. 



