[ERMATINGER] YORK FACTORY EXPRESS JOURNAL 75 
Wednesday 11th.—Fine weather. Start at 4 past 2 o’clock a.m. 
Pole and paddle all day. Encamp 4 miles below the Grand Rapid at 
7 p.m. 4 pheasants killed to-day. 
12th.—Fine weather. Proceed at 4 past 4 am. Make 
2 portages on the Grande Rapide! which is extremely bad 
on account of the shoalness of the River. Arrive at the ~ 
Kettle Falls? at noon. Leave our Boat below the Portage for 
the Doctor’s return. Get all our baggage up to Fort Colville? 
by 4 p.m. Mr. Dease* only arrived yesterday from Flat Heads.‘ 
Sunday, 15th.—Laprade arrives from Okanagan in the afternoon 
with Mr. McDonald’s dispatches, this being his third (day) on horseback. 
Tuesday, 17th.—The accounts being completed for W5 as far as- 
circumstances permit Express Boat manned by 7 men under charge 
of Mr. E. Ermatinger® leaves Fort Colville in the evening. D. Douglas, 
Esq., Passenger. Encamp a mile from the Fort. Perrault found himself 
too unwell to go out’ as intended, therefore Moche Otoctavin takes his 
place as Bowsman. 

‘The Grand rapids are opposite the north boundary of the Colville Indian 
reserve, 
? Kettle Falls; there are Upper and Lower falls and the water is divided by an 
island just opposite the upper fall; a deep eddy is formed at the foot of a sandy bluff, 
at the head of the rocky ledge extending across to the lower falls. Fort Colville 
was situated on the second flat or beach, about 300 yards from the river. The old 
bastion stood till last summer (1911) when it was burned. Steamboats run irregular- 
ly from Kettle falls to the mouth of the Okanagan. From the latter to the mouth of 
the Wenatchee, the steamboat is the regular means of transportation. 
“The voyageurs call them the ‘Chaudiere’ or ‘ Kettle Falls’ from the numerous 
round holes worn in the solid rocks by loose boulders. These boulders, being caught in 
the inequalities of the rocks below the falls, are constantly driven round by the tre- 
mendous force of the current, and wear out holes as perfectly round and smooth 
as in the inner surface of a cast-iron kettle” (Kane, Wanderings in North America, 
308-9). 
3 John Warren Dease; in 1816 (or 1817) was clerk, North West Co., in charge of 
Rainy Lake House, when it was captured by Capt. D’Orsennons, under Lord Selkirk; 
probably a brother of Peter Warren Dease, the Arctic explorer. J. W. Dease signed 
‘the deed poll of 1821 as a Chief Trader, and the deed poll of 1834 as retired Chief 
Trader. Ross says that, in 1823, “John Warren Dease, a chief trader of the new 
company, arrived from Ruperts Land.” Ross placed Dease in charge of fort 
Walla Walla. 
*This may, possibly, refer to Flathead or Saleesh House, built by Thompson, 
for the North West Co., in the winter of 1810-11; probably refers to the Salish or 
Flathead Indians who, formerly, inhabited much of western Montana, centreing 
around Flathead lake and valley. Dease was in charge of Flathead House in 1827. 
5'York Factory. 
5 Dr. McLoughlin and Mr. McLeod having turned back. 
7“to go out’’—i.e., to go east over the mountains to Hudson bay or lake 
Superior. 
