146 THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 
3. His attitude toward the persons connected in any way 
with the matter which is the subject of his statement, including 
himself, if he be involved therein: there should be impartiality. 
4. His manner, especially of verbal expression: there should 
be poise. 
5. The limit which he sets to statements spontaneously made 
by him for the information of others: he should include in such 
statements only those conclusions which he holds to be necessary, 
omitting what he holds to be only probable or highly probable, 
or briefly, there should be an avoidance of admittedly unnecessary 
conclusions. 
For the sake of illustration typical answers voluntarily given by 
those of whom inquiry was made are here given, classified according to 
the requisite for trustworthiness to which they severally belong. 
First REQUISITE:—Competency in general and especially for Right 
Discernment and Clear Statement: 
“He was accurate in his work.” “ He is an inquisitive man.” “He 
is quick to grasp, when instructed in his work.” “He does not need to 
be told the same thing twice.” “He is a cautious man.” “They are 
self-made people.” “He is a deliberate man.” “They are able to stick 
up for themselves and to defend their views.” “ He is of an investigating 
turn.” “He is an intelligent man.” “He thinks for himself.” “He is 
observant.” “ When he comes to me for information he finds out all I 
know.” ‘ He shows a strong desire to learn the exact truth.” “He is 
a sceptical man.” ‘He is not easily convinced.” “My confidence 
depends partly on the connection of the matter and whether the man 
has had experience in it.” “He is level-headed.” “He has good 
judgment.” 
SECOND REQUISITE:—Seriousness in general and especially in the Éfjort 
to Inform: 
“He is a conscientious man.” “He is a straightforward man.” 
“He is averse to anything insincere.” “He is lively when with the 
boys, but quiet and absorbed when at work.” “No matter what their 
moods may be from time to time, at bottom they are all serious people.” 
“He is serious in serious things.’ “His manner impressed you that 
he was sincere.’ “He is a very earnest person.” “He is very honest 
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