1 94 THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 
for Rasle’s well-known Abnaki Dictionary, gives for Portage 8 NI’GAN, the 8 of course 
being the French symbol of our sound OO, as earlier noted. Thus the main root ef 
Anagance is plain; as to the S towards the termination, that is obviously an abbre- 
viation of SIS, the familiar diminutive suffix, meaning LITTLE; while the final 
EK is the locative signifying PLACE. Thus the roots of the word would be 
OONEGAN-SIS-EK, meaning literally LITTLE-PORTAGE-PLACE with stream 
implied, or better, THE LITTLE PORTAGE STREAM. 
As to the appropriateness of the name, there is also no question, Between this 
stream andthe Kennebecasis there was formerly an Indian portage, two miles long, 
which formed a link in one of the two important aboriginal routes of travel between 
the Petitcodiac and Saint John Rivers, as fully described in these Transactions, 
(V, 1899, ii, 246, and XII, 1906, ii, 90). The significance of the “little,” is found in 
the fact that two portages existed between Petitcodiac and Saint John waters, the 
other extending to the Washademoac and being no less than some fourteen miles 
in length (op. cit. 90). The name, lacking the W sound, is probably Micmac, which 
tribe, indeed, may have borrowed the word from their neighbours, since they have 
another word of their own for PORTAGE, namely OWOKUN, the root of WAGAN, 
discussed a few pages later; as to the etymological difference between these two 
words having the same meaning, Father Pacifique, the scholarly Missionary to the 
Micmacs at Mission Point, Quebec, informs me that OWOKUN signifies the path 
between two heads of rivers, while OONEGAN or OONIGUN signifies the act of 
portaging or carrying. 
SUMMARY.—The name ANAGANCE is a corruption of the Maliseet Indian 
OO-NE-GAN’-SEK, meaning THE LITTLE PORTAGE STREAM in allusion to 
a former important short portage from the Kennebecasis thereto. 
Other Aboriginal Acadian Place Names Containing Roots Identical 
with those in Anagance. 
WINNEGANCE, a place in Maine; the name of a creek with a village of the 
same name beside it, leading from the Kennebec River below Bath southwest to a 
narrow neck of land which separates it from Winnegance Bay, an arm of New 
Meadows River, marked on the charts and maps. The coincidence of the name, with 
the geographical relations of the places, makes it seem clear that there was formerly an 
important Indian portage across this neck, and that the name Winnegance, in the 
language of the Kennebee (Abnaki) Indians was substantially identical in form and 
meaning with Annagance, discussed above. This is confirmed by the presence of the 
W in Jack’s and Chamberlain’s forms above noted. 
PIJOONEGANUK, the aboriginal Maliseet name of the Saint Francis River, in 
New Brunswick, Quebec and Maine, is PIJ-OONEGAN-UK, meaning LONG 
PORTAGE PLACE, or RIVER OF THE LONG PORTAGE, as discussed earlier, 
page 184. 
OONEGESK, the aboriginal name for Kingston Creek, a deep creek extending 
from Belleisle Bay, New Brunswick, well through southward to the Kennebecasis, 
with which it was formerly connected by ashort portage (these Transactions, V, 1899, 
ii, 240, and XII, 1906, ii, 87). I have obtained the name from the Maliseets as OO- 
NEE-GESK’ (the G hard), and they say it means, PORTAGE. The word appears, 
therefore, to represent a shortened form of OO-NE-GAN-SIS-EK, making it sub- 
stantially identical in origin with Annagance discussed above. 
