[DRUMMOND] THE CANADIAN SNOWSHOE 315 
netting is interesting, being made in rectangular mesh which is unusual 
in the East. It was probably adopted in this case because it is an 
easier type of mesh for the material used. Numbers 1 and 2 are of 
Iroquois origin and come from Brant County, Ontario. Number 3 
is 30 inches long and 9 inches wide. It is made of spruce boards 
sewed together with thongs. It is of Algonkian origin and comes 
from Maniwaki, Quebec. Figure 4 is interesting as being the only 
figured example of the Salish type of Snowshoe. It is 24 inches long 
and 13% inches wide, and has a rough sapling frame bent into an oval 
form. The netting is rather roughly made with coarse thongs doubled 
and twisted on each other. It is somewhat irregular, has long slings 
to the frame and a small netted foot-space. It is a little turned up 
in front, and it comes from Lillooet, British Columbia. 
Figure number 5 is a very irregular and rudimentary form from 
The Ute Indians of Utah. It is included here as representing a type 
found in British Columbia which is figured in mesh and netting by 
number 4 and in outline by this number 5. This British Columbia 
shoe is locally known as The Bear-Paw snowshoe. It has little bearing 
surface for soft snow but is useful for steep.climbing in the spring when 
the snow is hard and firm. The Bear-Paw snowshoe is also Salishan. 
The Tlingit apparently have no type peculiar to themselves. 
They are said to use the Athabaskan shoe of Alaska and the interior. 
The foregoing examples show the types of snowshoes used by 
the various tribal groups of the North American Indians. The record 
is probably incomplete for the Salishans but fairly comprehensive 
for the others. 
The examples given illustrate the standard types of the different 
Indian Stocks, but it is to be remembered that there are endless 
variations from these in the way of width, length, turn-up, outline, 
material used in the netting, neatness and the peculiarities of individual 
makers. There are also transitional forms brought about by inter- 
course between the various tribes. It is considered that most of 
these changes have occurred in recent times and that the figured 
examples represent the older types and forms of the snowshoe. 
Plate number 6 gives examples of the modern club snowshoe. 
The modern club snowshoe, which is somewhat turned up in front 
does not correspond exactly with any of these old eastern forms, 
at least the writer has been unable to find any prototype, so it is 
assumed that they are innovations introduced for racing purposes 
when snowshoeing became a popular sport. 
Varied forms of the modern showshoe are now being introduced 
as novelties, and many of the older forms are being copied and re- 
produced. 
