42 THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 
It will be noticed that the reduction of the iron is very incomplete 
and the pig iron not fully carburized. This is largely because, in this 
small furnace, the ore enters the zone of fusion with scarcely any 
opportunity for preliminary reduction, such as takes place in the 
upper part of a blast furnace. This condition is aggravated by the 
reduction in the proportion of charcoal, by the great fusibility of the 
slag, and by the arrangement of the electrodes which caused the slag 
to boil up and nearly fill the furnace with melted and half reduced ore. 
It will be desirable to repeat the work under conditions more favour- 
able for the reduction of the iron in the ore. 
Balance sheet of the Smelting operation 



Materials charged (pounds) Products (pounds) 
Ore Limestone | Silica Total |\Pig Iron Slag Total 
Bes Raiser. 49.9 49.9 39-0 8-2 47-2 
SORTE AE 1-8 0-3 13-0 15-1 0-1 13-8 13-9 
iO ya Fert: 10-8 10-8 0-0 9-4 9-4 
GaO nm: 5-5 6-6 12-1 8-5 8-5 
INILOR Sees mee 4-0 0-2 4-2 3-8 3-8 
92-1 82-8 










The smelting operation lasted three hours with an average power 
of 27-3 K.W.; using about 300 amperes per electrode at about forty- 
five volts. The consumption of electrical energy was 2:07 K.W. 
hours per pound, or 0-71 H. P. years per long ton of the pig iron. 
Conclusions! 
1. In view of the deficiency of good iron ores in Canada, it is 
desirable to investigate the large deposits of titaniferous magnetites 
with a view to their use in the production of iron or steel. 
2. It is admitted that the iron produced from such ores is of very 
good quality, but there is much doubt with regard to the commercial 
possibility of smelting titaniferous ores and of the kind of fluxes to 
be used. 

1 A fuller discussion of some of these conclusions is contained in a paper by Dr. A. 
Stansfield which forms part of a report by Mr. J. A. Dresser on the Geology of 
the St. Charles district on the Saguenay. Geological Survey, Ottawa, 1916. 
