70 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 
Anne Dunk, a rich heiress, and assumed the name of Dunk in addition 
to that of Montague. He was appointed President of the Lords of 
Trade and Plantations in 1748. Among other important positions, 
he filled the offices of a major-general in the army, First Lord of the 
Admiralty, and Lord Lieutenant of Ireland. At the time of his death 
he was Principal Secretary of State in the British Cabinet. - As an 
instance of his liberal spirit it is recorded that having found the ex- 
penses attending the post of Lord Lieutenant of Ireland to be very great, 
he obtained an additional grant of £4,000 per annum for all subsequent 
Viceroys, at the same time declining the emolument for himself. As 
First Lord of Trade and Plantations he contributed so largely to the 
development of the commerce and well being of the British possessions 
in America as to be styled the ‘Father of the Colonies.” He died in 
1771 and was buried in Westminster Abbey, where a beautiful memorial 
by the famous sculptor Bacon was erected in his honour. 
The next ten years proved a period of much unrest. Peace nom- 
inally prevailed between France and England, but peace did not bring 
tranquillity. | 
Although Acadia, according to its ancient boundaries, had been 
awarded to Great Britain by the late treaty, the French endeavoured 
to confine the English to the peninsula, claiming that the territory 
north of the Bay of Fundy was still under their jurisdiction and had 
never been ceded to the English by the King of France. This claim 
Shirley and Cornwallis stoutly repudiated. The French, however, 
continued to hold possession of the River St. John and also erected a 
fort north of the isthmus of Chignecto which they named Fort Beau- 
séjour. The Abbé le Loutre now began to use every means in his power 
to induce the Acadians to forsake the peninsula and remove to the 
New Brunswick side of the Bay of Fundy, which the French claimed to 
be within their jurisdiction as a part of “the Continent of Canada.” 
Governor Cornwallis and the Acadians. 
Cornwallis urged the Acadians to remain and take the oath of alle- 
giance to the British Crown. His words to them were couched in con- 
ciliatory language :— 
‘““My friends,” he wrote, “the moment that you declared your 
desire to leave, and submit yourselves to another government, our 
determination was to hinder nobody from following what he imagined 
to be his interest. We know that a forced service is worth nothing, 
and that a subject compelled to be so against his will, is not very far 
from being an enemy. We frankly confess, however, that your deter- 
mination to leave us gives us pain. We are well aware of your industry 
and your temperance, and that you are not addicted to any vice or 
