54 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 
The amount of radium present is given in terms of billionths 
(107?) gram of radium per litre of water. 
A) Gas Sprig LAS Uap hehe eee ao ota INR 15 
(2) SulphurBprunc snes oi Geel. eRe i ae ee ee NE 15 
(6) Saline Sorina 6 cate oo ic De RAS ur RS 14 
(4) Artesian Sulphur Spring. ......... Soa Nee 10 
(5) DamnpancS pra Ne ARE es we) leony eee 18 
Compare 
Dea Water NOTE Atl amGie eels fC. AU ST oie a 0.9 
River St. duaywrenes aver! ci (aes Nae CA OMe 0.25 
a té inA00d GUNG LEE ahaa te 20 La 
iaurentian spre Water 2). Ur RIT eee eee 4 
The amount of radium emanation in the gases liberated at the 
springs was measured in terms of the number of billionths (10 12?) of 
a gram of radium required to produce the amount of emanation 
present per litre of the gas. 
Thus the amount of radium stated below, multiplied by 10712, 
is in radioactive equilibrium with the radium emanation in a litre of 
the gas. 
AS DATE Sue a Rr a Meg alte! eee Coal) Ae OBS 620 
PICA DEMO Le We at oa, Wie A Ae ee Re 420 
LORS) ST RER OUR Cee i wey hare toh ae Leterme 210 
Atmospheric Air (Montreal, Cambridge, ete.)........... 0.1 
The value for the Saline Spring is an underestimate, for the gas 
was unavoidably collected in the bottling house, and may have been 
mixed with air. 
The gases, therefore, contain about four to six thousand times 
as much radium emanation as atmospheric air. 
It may be of interest to compare these results with those for the 
two springs which are, so far as at present known, the most powerful 
as regards the contents of radium and its emanation. 
The water from the Quelle am Schweizergang at Joachimsthal is 
about 7,000 times as radioactive as the Caledonia Springs. The gases 
from the pool near Clepsytra Geyser, in the Lower Geyser Basin of the 
Yellowstone National Park, contain about 700 times as much radium 
emanation as the gases from the Caledonia Springs. Further inform- 
ation on this point may be obtained from Bulletin 395 of the United 
States Geological Survey, which is a report by Moore and Schlundt 
on the ‘Thermal Waters of Yellowstone National Park.” 
