SECTION IV., 1910. [ 59 ] Trans. R. S. C. 
V.—The Actiniaria of Passamaquoddy Bay, with a discussion of their 
Synonomy. 
By J. PLayrarr McMurricu, M.A., Px.D. 
(Read 28th September, 1910.) 
The first record of Actinians occurring in Canadian waters is con- 
tained in Stimpson’s “Marine Invertebrates of Grand Manan” pub- 
lished as one of the Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge in 1853. 
In this article six species are mentioned as occurring at the locality 
indicated, namely, Actinia marginata Lesueur, A. carneola n. sp., A. 
obtruncata n. sp., A. coriacea Johnst. (?), A. dianthus Johnston (?) and 
A. sipunculoides n. sp. 
Four years later Sir William Dawson (1858), described two forms 
from Gaspé Basin, one of which he referred with some hesitation to 
Actinia dianthus, proposing for it, however, if it should prove to be 
distinct from that species, the name A. canadensis; the second form he 
regarded as probably identical with Stimpson’s A. carneola, but again 
suggested for it the name A. nitida, in case it should prove to be distinct. 
Packard in 1863, mentioned T'ealia crassicornis? Gosse as occurring 
on the southern coast of Labrador, and in 1867 he published a more 
complete list of the Invertebrata collected in that region, in which he 
mentions the occurrence of Metridium marginatum, Rhodactinia (T ealia) 
Davisti, and Edwardsia sipunculoides Stimpson. The first named 
species, whose similarity to the European dianthus is noted, is stated to 
occur in 15-20 fathoms, as far north as Square I. and Indian Harbour. 
The second is regarded as probably identical with T'ealia crassicornis 
Gosse, and was dredged in 8 fathoms at Caribou I, while a single example 
of the third species was obtained in 4 fathoms in Henly Harbour, Cha- 
teau Bay. 
In 1871, 1872 and 1873, the late Mr. J. F. Whiteaves made nume- 
rous dredgings in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, his results, so far as they 
concern Actinians, being contained in the Report of the Minister for 
Marine and Fisheries for the years 1872 and 1873, in the Annals and 
Magazine of Natural History 1872, and in the American Journal of 
Science 1874. In 1901, however, Whiteaves published a catalogue 
of all Invertebrates recorded from the Canadian Atlantic seaboard, 
including in the list not only all the forms that he himself had observed, 
but also those dredged by the United States Fish Commission in the 
deeper water off the coast of Nova Scotia. Disregarding for the present 
these latter forms, as representatives of the fauna of the western Atlantic 
trough rather than of the Canadian coast, the following Actiniaria are 
included in the Catalogue:—Cerianthus borealis Verr, Epizoanthus 
