L THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 



Nations. The administrative form of co-operation persists now in a 

 somewhat paternal form in the departments of science in governments, 

 in councils for industrial and scientific research, national bureaus of 

 science, national research institutes, etc. Almost every country has 

 its central organization, controlling and directing the application of 

 scientific methods to the development of its resources, the utilization 

 of the valuable by-products of industries, and, most important of all 

 from an economic point of view, they are bridging the 'gap which 

 separates science from its application to industries, ascertaining how 

 the findings of the scientist can be made available to the industrial 

 research worker, and how, on the other hand, the problems of the 

 industrial worker can be massed in such a form as to give a sense of 

 direction to the pure scientist. This problem, so vital to the nations 

 of the world, each laboring under a national debt of almost over- 

 whelming proportions, can only find its solution in co-operative efforts 

 between those who can set the problems and those whose training and 

 knowledge will aid in their solution. 



To develop and make permanent in times of peace the "liaison 

 de convenance" hurriedly arranged during the war between science and 

 its applications, is the complex problem now before the central national 

 scientific organizations. They are studying the relations of the uni- 

 versities to national economic questions and the co-ordination of the 

 scientific efforts of departments of the government having control of 

 national resources. They are giving financial assistance to researches, 

 both academic and technical, and encouraging able young graduates 

 to enter the field of research by systems of fellowships, thus providing 

 trained minds for fundamental and technical research. They are 

 encouraging co-operation between allied sciences and arts, e.g., Biology 

 with Agriculture, Chemistry and Physics with Forestry, Psychology 

 and Physiology with problems of industrial hygiene and industrial 

 fatigue. By the formation of unions and guilds they are organizing 

 co-operation among similar industries in research. Such activities as 

 these illustrate what the national councils or similar central bodies are 

 striving to accomplish "through the purely scientific process of 

 organized effort." 



The successful development of organized science in each nation 

 taking part in this international co-operative movement lies at the 

 very foundation of the edifice which is designed by the International 

 Research Council. This vast effort directed towards the conquest 

 of practical life by science has behind it the efhcient reserves of public 

 opinion. The captains of industry have come to recognize the latent 

 power of scientific research, and those engaged in the application of 



