66 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 



Cartography. 



and his map, in the Public Eecord Office, has been reproduced in the 

 New Brunswick Magazine, il, 233^ Campbell evidently used the 

 Morris 1783 map, for he adopts most of its names, adding many new 

 ones of Indian origin (giving in many cases their translation). The 

 next \winter, 1785, he surveyed the lower river to the Bay of Fiindy. 

 The dates of these surveys are fixed by a correlation of tlie statement 

 on tlie map itself, " from an actual survey in the winters of 1781 and 

 1785," and a letter of iGovernor Carleton (in his letter book at Frederic- 

 ton), of date July 16, 1785, which speaks of D. CampheM's Purvey of 

 the St. John Elver from Grand Falls to Maugerville made winter before 

 last, and from Maugerville to Bay of Fundy, since his (Carleton's) 

 arrival, (in Nov. 1784). Campbell's map, with additions from land 

 surveys, etc., became the basis of Sproule's fine map of 1786 for thie 

 part below St. Anns, but, curiously enough, not for the part to Grand 

 Falls, for which he follows the Morris map of 1783, apparently without 

 reference to either Campbell's names or topography. This great map of 

 Sproule's^ (already mentioned as reproduced in the Boundaries Mono- 

 graph, 421), became at once the original of the lower river for all maps 

 down to the detailed survey of Owen m 1846, which latter survey is the 

 original of all our maps down to the present day. Though Sproule 

 used the Morris 1783 survey for the river from St. Anns to Grand Falls, 

 that map did not become the original for this region, for the very next 

 year, 1787, Sproule himself made a survey of the entire river from 

 Fredericton not only to Grand Falls but to the Madawaska, Temis- 

 ccuata and the St. Lawrence. This fine map is in the Public Record 

 Office, and parts of it are reproduced in this paper (Maps 14, 15, 38, 39.) 



^ Where also there is a biography of Campbell by Jonas Howe. 

 I have had this copy of his map compared with the original in London, 

 and it has the following mistakes: — I give the correct forms only, with 

 omissions in brackets. Wcechcnefjunigunikcck or Great Falls, {Restook or Jacquo's 

 River), Tobigue's River, Tall River, Tranquady, (R. Sehogomuck or Snow Shoe 

 River), Pekuyauk, (Oromocto I.), (Swan Creek), (Latitude of Partridge Island 

 45° 20' North), (Manawagonish) , (Magnetic North. Tariatioji lJf° J^O' TFesO- 



^ It seems well-nigh impossible to have accurate copies made of maps 

 in European Archives even by professional copyists. Having my experience 

 with the Jumeau and the Franquelin-DeMeulles maps, earlier mentioned, 

 in mind, I have impressed upon those making copies for me the necessity 

 for absolute accuracy. This was the case with my copy of the Sproule 

 1786 map; yet when my copy was reproduced exactly in the Boundaries 

 Monograph, and later sent back to England for comparison with the original, 

 the following mistakes were found, the correct spellings only being here 

 given, and the omissions being marked by brackets. (River Monquart), 

 Poqueouk, Mactuguack, Thoroughfare, =■ between Grand and Maquapit Lakes), 

 (Patticake Creek), (Kennebeckacis River), (Glebe = at the northwest corner of 

 Saint Stephens parish), (Boannus River). (Ripples = above Sixth Falls), 

 (Indian Reserve), = at Second Falls). 



