LXXVI THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 
evident that if the mass of trade is to be affected, a much larger pro- 
portion of the food going into consumption requires to be dealt with, 
and to this end the Department is endeavouring to determine upon some 
practical tests which may be easily applied by the officers whose duty 
it is to collect the samples for the public analysts, by the operation of 
which the undoubtedly genuine articles may be eliminated, and only 
those which are of doubtful character may be placed in the hands of the 
public analysts. When this has been accomplished, the expenditure 
for professional services will cover four or five times the area it at present 
does. In pursuance of this policy interim tests for milk and coffee have 
already been adopted, and will in future be used by the collecting 
officers.” 
In 1887 the Commissioner speaks as follows:—‘“In view of the 
technical points almost constantly raised when prosecutions are entered 
upon, which it seems almost impossible to avoid where the testimony of 
experts is required, the undersigned ventures to recommend an Amend- 
ment to the Act, requiring the results of analysis to be published in one 
or more local papers, giving the names of the vendors, the description of 
article analyzed, and the finding of the Analyst. Such a course would 
probably be more effective than any proceedings in Courts of law.” 
With reference to this suggestion, the question may be raised, 
how far the Department would be justified in publishing analytical 
results condemning any food or drug as adulterated, while doubt 
existed as to the possibility of substantiating such a finding in a Court 
of law. 
In 1890, the continued adulteration of spices is specially noted, 
and it is suggested that it might become advisable to place spice mills 
under excise supervision. 
In 1891, 27 bulletins had been issued by the Department. These 
contained the names of vendors of adulterated goods; and with reference 
to this the Commissioner remarks:—‘‘The publication of the names of 
parties so offending against the law appears to be insufficient as a 
deterrent, and in future prosecution will have to be resorted to, in 
order to cause the law to be respected.” This is particularly interesting 
when read in connection with the Commissioner’s suggestion, four 
years earlier. The Commissioner further calls attention to the difficulty 
of obtaining convictions in the absence of accepted standards and adds: 
—“At my request, the Chief Analyst has suggested certain specific 
standards for articles which have recently been the subject of searching 
and careful analysis, and his recommendations are appended hereto, 
in the hope that they may be canvassed by the public before any final 
steps are taken towards giving them legal force.” 
The articles referred to are mustard, pepper, milk, tea, and certain 
distilled liquors. ' 
he 
