54 THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 
ample manner their fealty to the King of England and their determina- 
tion to live peacably with his subjects... Lawrence and the Council 
regarded this treaty as an important matter. Only four years before 
the feeling against the savages had been so intense in Nova Scotia that 
the government had offered £30 as a reward for every adult Indian 
brought in alive, £25 for the scalp of every male Indian above the age 
of sixteen, and £25 for every woman and child brought in alive, the 
rewards to be paid at any of His Majesty’s forts by the commanding 
officer. 
Under the treaties concluded with the Indians at this epoch six 
trading posts were established, the most considerable being at Fort 
Frederick at the mouth of the river St. John, the trade of which equalled 
the combined traffic at the other five. The tariff of prices was more 
favourable than the Indians had heretofore known? Success seems 
to have attended the establishment of the “truck-houses.”” Henry 
Green, the Commissary at Fort Frederick, shipped to Halifax a few 
months later a package of furs valued at more than a thousand pounds 
sterling. The government truck-houses, however, were abolished by 
orders received from England, and the trade thrown open to private 
enterprise. It must be admitted that the plea of the authorities of 
Nova Scotia in favour of government control was by no means a weak 
one. It was, in effect, that if the traffic were unrestricted traders of 
' The ceremonial employed in negotiating the treaty with the Indians was 
quite an elaborate one. The chiefs were apparelled with barbaric splendor. The 
Governor and his aides also appeared in full uniform. The Governor greeted the 
delegates with the hand of Friendship in the name of the Sovereign and made a 
speech in which he observed, among other things, “ Protection and Allegiance are 
fastened together by links, if a link is broken the chain will be loose. You must 
preserve the chain on your part by fidelity and obedience to the great King George 
II, and you will then have his royal arm for your defence.”’ In due course presents 
were delivered to each of the chiefs, the hatchet was formally buried, after its edge 
had been blunted; the treaties were subscribed and sealed. The chief Sachem 
then made a speech pledging in the most solemn manner the fidelity of his tribe and 
in poetical language declaring that—‘‘ As long as the Sun and Moon shall endure: 
as long as the earth on which we dwell shall exist in the same state you this day see 
it, so long will we be your friends and allies submitting ourselves to the laws of your 
government, ete., ete.” The ceremony concluded with dancing and singing after 
the Indian manner, and drinking His Majesty’s health under three volleys of small 
arms. 
* For tariff of prices, see Murdoch’s History of Nova Scotia, Vol. II, p. 395. 
The unit of value was a pound of the fur of the spring beaver, valued at 5 shillings. 
Reduced to modern currency the Indians received for furs about as follows: Bear 
skin (large and good) $1.35; Moose skin $1.50; Luciffee (large) $2.00; Silver fox 
$2.50; Black fox $2.00; Red fox 50cts; Otter $1.00; Mink 15 cts; Musquash, 10 ets. 
Ridiculously low as the prices may appear, they were better than the Indians had 
previously received from the French fur traders. 
