[howley] the old royal COAT OF ARMS AT PLACENTIA 



33 



in a different manner, viz. : per pale, sinister, Scotland ; dexter, per f ess : 

 — In chief, the Dauphin: in base, Scotland repeated. (Fig. 14.) 



Arms of Mary Queen of Scots, 1558.^ — Fig. 14 



After the death of Henry, Mary's husband became King of France, 

 1559, She then dropped the Arms of the Dauphin and assumed those 

 of France, impaling them with Scotland. (Fig. 15.) 



Arms of Mary Queen op Scots, 1559. — Fig. 15. 



Before this, however, when Elizabeth was negotiating a peace with 

 France, the French King, being annoyed because she retained the Style 

 and Title of Queen of France, induced his daughter-in-law, Mary Stuart, 

 to assume the Arms of England. This she did, and had herself pro- 

 claimed in Paris as " Queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland." This 

 assumption not only irritated Elizabeth extremely and wounded her 

 pride, but it seriously alarmed her ; for it cast a doubt upon her legitim- 

 acy and her right to the Crown. Consequently it embittered the feelings 

 between those two cousin queens, so as to lead to the captivity and final 

 execution of Mary Stuart. In tact all through her reign Elizabeth was 

 haunted by this bugbear of Mary Stuart assuming the Title, Style and 

 Arms of England. Although Mary declared that she never intended to 

 put this claim into actual effect, still it was always a subject of jealousy, 

 the abandonment of which entered into every negotiation for peace with 

 France, and tinged the whole attitude of Elizabeth towards Scotland 

 and her beautiful but unfortunate Queen. 



Sec. II., 190P. 3. 



