38 



ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 



Standard of today. The only difference being that the Arms of Hanover, 

 removed from the 4th quarter, were placed in an inescuteheon of 

 pretence over all (en surtout) in the centre of the shield (fig. 19). This 

 inescuteheon was at first ensigned or surmounted by the Electoral Bonnet, 

 until the year 1815, when, after the treaty of Vienna, Hanover was made 

 a kingdom. The Electoral Bonnet was then supplanted by a Crown. 

 They were thus borne until they were finally abandoned on the accession 

 of Queen Victoria, 1837. 



Royal Arms, 1801.— Fig. 19. 



In the centre of the 4th quarter, containing the arms of Hanover, 

 there is what is called a " Shield of Pretence," which bears, 



" The Crown of Charlemagne/' 



George Lewis Guelf, Elector of Hanover, son of Ernest Augustus, 

 Elector of Hanover, etc., etc., and Sophia, daughter of Elizabeth Stuart, 

 Queen of Bohemia, sister of Charles I. of England, succeeded or rather 

 acceded, to the Crown on the death of Queen Anne, August 1st, 1714, 



Crown of Ch.\rlemagne. — Fic. 20. 



under the title of George I. He brought with him a confusing number 

 of German and foreign titles, among others he was Lay Bishop of 

 Osnabruck; Duke of Calenberg and Zell, both forming the Duchy of 

 Hanover; Duke of Brunswick, and Elector of Lunenberg, etc., etc., and 



