204 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 



Autour. — French name of the Goshawk of Europe, applied to the American 

 Goshawk, apparently, by Lescarbot, by Champlain (1632), and by 

 Denys: confirmed by the fact that the Canadian French apply the 

 name to this bird to this day (fide C. E. Dionne). 



Avellaniers. — French name for the Filbert tree, which does not occur in 

 America. Yet Lescarbot includes it among the trees of Acadia in 

 addition to the hazel, and makes it a fruit tree. 



Baleine. — French name for the Whale, used generically. First applied to 

 those which occur in America by Cartier, in 1534, as BaUeine, and tlîere- 

 after by many others. A Ballaine is well-figured on Champlain's map 

 of 1612, and evidently represents the cominon Greenland, or Bowhead 

 Whale. 

 Bacallaos. — Old Basque name for the Cod. See the discussion in Thwaites' 

 Jesuit Relations, H, 295, and also Lescarbot's remarks on the name. 



Bar, or Bare. — An old French name applied to the Sciaena of France, trans- 

 ferred to the somewhat similar Striped Bass of America. Used first by 

 Cartier, as hars in 1535 and by many others thereafter, its Identity 

 being placed beyond question by the fact that the Acadians thus use the 

 name to this day. Thwaites' Jesuit Relations (L 69) erroneously trans- 

 lates it Barbel. Champlain gives a picture of it, with name, on his 

 map of 1612, doubtless the first made of this species. 



Barbeau. — French name for the Barbel of Europe, which does not occur in 

 America, transferred to its near representative, the common Chub, 

 or Fall-fish. It was used by Denys, and its identity is made certain 

 by the fact that the Acadians thus use the name to this day. Denys 

 also mentions Petits barbillons, which were no doubt the smaller rela- 

 tives of the Chub, the Shiners or Dace. 



Barbillon. — See Barbeau. 



Barbu.— A fish mentioned by Champlain in 1632, apparently a fresh-water 

 form, which he says is without scales and of two or three sorts. The 

 Barbu of Europe is the Sand Dab or Flounder, but this can hardly 

 be the form mentioned by Champlain, the identity of which, however, 

 is given us by a remark in La Hontan, who says that the Barbu is so 

 named in allusion to a certain sort of beards that hang down from 

 the side of his muzzle; this together with the statement that they grow 

 of monstrous size in the Mississippi locates the species. It must be 

 the Catfish, including more than one species, of the interior waters of 

 Canada. They include the Horned Pout, which Denys called Goujon, 

 and probably it is this which is the Barbues of LeJeune's Relation. 

 According to Clapin, the word persists in Canada for a fish, which 

 seems to be the Horned Pout, though according to Montpetit this fish 

 is called Barbotte by the Canadian French. It is no doubt this wmcn 

 Parkhurst, in 1578, mentions as Catfish in Newfoundland. 



Beaver. — English name for the European animal, transferred to the American 

 species. Used first by Haie in 1583 in Newfoundland. Called by the 

 French Biêvre, or Castor. 



