[ganong] identity OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS 207 



Bregaux, or Bourgos. — Apparently the French word Burgau, (meaning the 

 pearl oyster), but in any case applied by Champlain in 1613, as 

 Bregaux, and by Denys as Bourgos in a connection seeming to leave no 

 doubt that it was applied to the Whelks of Acadia, of which there are 

 several very prominent species, the Round Whelk, the Long WRelk, 

 and the Spindle Shell, not to mention smaller forms. It is witîiout 

 doubt in exactly the same sense that Lescarbot in 1610 used escargot, 

 the French name for Snail, for shellfish of Port Royal. No doubt the 

 Wilkes, of Parknurst, reported in 1578 from Newfoundland, were the 

 same forms. 



Brenache. — See Bernache and Cravan. 



Briez. — Name used in Cartier's narrative of 1535 for a tree, which is given 

 as boiilz in other Ms, and therefore the same as BouUe, or Birch. 



Brochet. — French name of the Pike, which occurs in both Europe and Amer- 

 ica. Mentioned by Cartier in 1535, and in Champlain's list of 1632. 



Buffe, or Buffle.— Old English name for Buffalo, used by early English voy- 

 agers to Newfoundland for large animals of the interior of uncertain 

 identitj% of which they heard. 



Bustard. — See Outarde. 



Cacaouy. — Name of a Duck, first used by Denys and persisting to this day 

 as a common name of the Old Squaw, or Long-tailed Duck in Canada, 

 cacaoiii, Clapin, cacca-tvee, Baird Brewer and Ridgeway, and cockawee, 

 Downs-Piers List of Birds of Nova Scotia, in Trans. Nova Scotian 

 Institute, VII, 1888, 149. The word is in all probability from the Mic- 

 mac, for Rand gives Kaka-wegech-k (as the name of the Pigeon Duck), 

 but possibly the French adopted the word independently from its call; 

 Denys says it was so named " because it pronounces this word for its 

 note." Spelled also Kakawi (Dionne). 



Cachy. — A plant figured on Champlain's map of 1612, but unidentifiable. 



Calamus odoratus. — A botanical name applied by Lescarbot to a plant of 

 Acadia, which, of course, is the common Sweet Flag, now called Acorus 

 Calamus. 



Canard. — The French word for Duck, without distinction of species, extended 

 to those of Canada. Mentioned first by Cartier, in 1534, as eannards, 

 and bv all others later. Denys makes some effort to distinguish the 

 kinds, but not with success. See also (Utnnc. This would be the Mal- 

 lards of the translation of Roberval's voyage of 1542. 



Canard branchu. — Name of a bird which the descriptions clearly show to 

 be the Wood Duck. Mentioned first by Le Clercq in 1691, then by 

 Dieréville, 1713. The name has persisted in Canada (Clapin). The 

 Acadians call the Wood Duck Garriault, according to Dr. A. C. Smith, 

 but perhaps there is some mistake here, since in G. Trumbull's Names 

 and Portraits of Birds, it is said the name Garrot is applied in places 

 to the Golden Eye. 



