212 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 



Coque, or Cocque. — French name for shell used very broadly, and often trans- 

 lated cockle, but applied in America to the Common Clam, or Soft 

 Clam. Used by Champlain in 1613, by Lescarbot and later by others. 

 Its identity is made certain, both by the context of these writers and 

 also by the fact that the Acadians thus use the name to this day. 

 The cockle, reported by Parkhurst in 1578 from Newfoundland, was no 

 doubt also the clam. 



Colibri. — See Niridau. 



Colin. — French name, according to Larousse, for the Black Cod of Europe, 

 which is the Pollock, extended to the common Pollock of Acadia. Used 

 by Lescarbot. 



Connil, or Connin. — French name equivalent to Lapin. 



Corbeau. — French name for the European Crow extended to an American 

 species. Used first by Champlain in 1604, and then by others later. 

 But as Champlain applies Corneille to our common crow, as the Ca- 

 nadian French do to this day (fide Professor Dionne) it seems probable 

 that Corbeau was applied by Champlain to the Raven, which is also 

 confirmed by that use among the Canadian French (Dionne). 



Cormorant. — An old French name early adopted by the English for the 

 European bird, and extended to the American representative. Used 

 first for the Canadian bird in the English account of the voyage of 

 1591 to the Magdalens, and later by many others, both English and 

 French. 



Corbigeau. — See Courlieux. 



Corn. — See Blé Sauvage. 



Corneille. — French name for the European Rook, which does not occur in 

 America. It was used by Champlain in 1604 for a bird living abundantly 

 on Sea-shore islands, which all attendant circumstances lead us to 

 believe was the common Crow, of which, by the way, a somewhat small 

 variety occupies the coast of this region. This identification is con- 

 firmed by the fact that the Canadian French apply the name Corneille 

 to the Common Crow to this day (fide Professor Dionne). Champlain 

 also mentions Corbeau, which must be the Raven. Dieréville also 

 speaks of both the Corbeau and the Corneille in Acadia, and doubtless 

 in the same sense. 



Coucou. — French name for the Cuckoo. Used by Lescarbot, of course for 

 either the Yellow-billed or the Black-billed Cuckoo, (or for both) which 

 are common in this region. 



Coudre, or Couldre. — French name for the European Hazel, extended to the 

 common Hazel of Eastern Canada. Used first by Champlain in 1535 

 as couldres. Lescarbot speaks of coudriers, or Hazel Bushes, while 

 Denys uses noisettes and )ioi:iliers for the same plants. This was, of 

 course, the filberds of Parkhurst in 1578. 



