[ganong] identity OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS 223 



Lobster. — See Homard. 



Loche. — French name for the European Burbot, extended to the closely 

 similar American form, called also Cusk. Mentioned by Lescarbot, 

 and still used by the French of Canada (fide Fishery Industries of the 

 United States, I, 236), although Montpetit says loche is applied in Can- 

 ada both to the Cusk and the Tom Cod. Champlain, however, speaks 

 of it as living under the stones, seeming to show some other form. 



Louere, or Louier. — Old French form of the word Loutre or Otter. Used by 

 Cartier in 1535, but displaced later by the more common and per- 

 sistent form, Loutre. Wrongly interpreted by Baxter as Loup. 



Loup. — French name for Wolf, usee} generically, extended to the American 

 species. Used first by Lescarbot, who says they occurred in Acadia. 

 Cartier, in 1535, used the old Loiiere or Louier. 



Loup cervier. — An old French name for the European Lynx, transferred to 

 the smaller American species, and now commonly corrupted by the 

 English to Lucifee. Mentioned first by Champlain in 1608, and also 

 briefly described by Denys. Called by the early English voyagers 

 Luserne. 



Loup marin. — French name, meaning Sea Wolf, applied by the early voyagers 

 to Seals generically. Used first by Cartier, in 1535, and by all writers 

 thereafter. Denys describes two kinds, but without names. Champlain 

 gives on his map of 1612 a picture which applies clearly to the common 

 Harbor Seal. Le Clercq, in 1691, says the common kinds were dis- 

 tinguished by the name OUusixjks, which is the modern Micmac name 

 for the Seal. OVaspoo, Rand Dictionary), from a larger kind called Me^atift, 

 which is probably the Harp Seal (Micmac Metaak, Rand, Reader, 44). 



Loutre. — French name for the European Otter, transferred to the American 

 species. Mentioned first by Cartier in 1535 in the old form Louere, by 

 Champlain in 1603, and by all writers thereafter. 



Lusern, or Luzerne. — An old English name for the European Lynx (corrupted 

 from the French Loup-cervier), transferred to the smaller American 

 species by the early English voj^agers, by Parkhurst in 1578 and by 

 others later. It is used also in Hakluyt's translation of Jean Alphonse 

 of 1542. The " Ounces or Leopards." of Newfoundland, in Hale's list 

 of 1583, must be Lynxes, though Lescarbot likened the Chat sauvage, 

 or Wild Cat, to a Leopard. 



Lysimachia. — Botanical name applied by Lescarbot to a plant in Acadia, and 

 probably the striking Fireweed (Epilohiuiii Anyiislifoliiiiii) which is the 

 most conspicLious of the Lysimachias of the 17th century (suggestion 

 of M. L. Fernald). 



Mallards. — See Canard. 



Macharoa. — Mentioned in the Hakluyt translation of Lescarbot (xviii, 287) 

 as " great Birds which are Eagles." This is obviously M'Kulloa, the 

 great mythical bird of the Micmacs, often mentioned in their legends. 



Macreau. — See Maquereau. 



