238 ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 



confused with the young of the American Goshawk, (and possibly also 

 , of : the American Gerfalcon), whence we may infer that this was the 

 bird so named by Lescarbot and ChampLain. Professor Dionne states 

 that both White and Gray Gyrfalcons have been mistaken for the 

 Saker. 



Sardine. — French name of a fish which does not occur in America. Used 

 by Lescarbot and by Denys, no doubt for the same fish which is called 

 sardine by the English fishermen at the present day, viz., <youn? 

 herring. 



Sargor. — See Sartres. 



Sartres.— A fish mentioned by Cartier in 1535. As Baxter (page 188) has 

 shown, this is doubtless the same as the sargor, which applied to a 

 fish of Europe, of which the nearest representative is the American 

 Chogset or Cunner. I take the Sargor to be the same as the Medi- 

 terranean Sargos, which certainly bears a rather notable resemblance 

 to the Cunner. Lescarbot (edition 1612, page 825) refers to certain 

 traditions about the Sargor. Montpetlt gives sauger as a name used 

 in America for the Pickerel, and possibly this is the same word. 



Saule. — French name for the European Willows, without distinction of species, 

 extended to our American species, of which there are many. Used 

 first by Cartier in 1534 as sauldres, and in 1535 as sandres (misprint for 

 S3,udres). The Oziers of Cartier were, of course, simply the smaller 

 species. 



Saulmbn, or Saumon. — French name for the European Salmon, transferred 

 to the American form. Used by Cartier, in 1534, as saulmons, and 

 thereafter by many others. Champlain gives a picture of it on his 

 map of 1612, doubtless the first made of the American Salmon. Denys 

 makes an unsuccessful attempt to distinguish two species in Acadia, 

 comparing one with the Becars of France. 



Scammonée.— French name of Scammony, a species of Bindweed. Applied 

 by Lescarbot in 1606, as espèce de scammonée to a plant of Acadia, 

 which was without doubt the common and conspicuous Hedge Bind- 

 weed. 



Sea Oxen. — Early English name for the Walrus. See Morse. 



Serin. — French name for the Canary, used by Cartier, in 1535, for some bird 

 seen on the Saint Lawrence. Since he names separately the Thistle- 

 bird (Cliardonnereulx) , he must here refer to a yellow warbler, which 

 is no doubt the abundant and cherry Yellow Warbler, sometimes called 

 Wild Canary. 



Serise. — See Cerise. 



Serpent, or Serpen. — ^French word for Snake, without distinction of species, 

 used in the same sense by Denys, in the form Serpens, for those of 

 Acadia. The word is still thus used by the Acadians (fide A. C. Smith). 

 Denys comments, and correctly, upon the harmlessness of the Acadian 

 species. 



