[ganong] identity OF ANIMALS AND PLANTS 241 



Trees of Life. — See Cedre. 



Tremble. — French name for the Aspen, extended to the American species. 

 Used by Champlain, in 1603, and by others thereafter. 



Truite, or Truitte. — French name for the Trout of Europe, extended to our 

 American kinds, especially the Common Brook Trout. Used first by 

 Cartier, in 1535, as trtiyies, and by all others thereafter. Champlain, in 

 1605, speaks of the Truitiere near his dwelling at Port Royal. 



Truite Saumonée, or Saumonnée. — French name of the European Salmon 

 Trout, which does not occur in Acadia, transferred to the so-called 

 Sea trout, which is of similar habit but is simply the sea-visiting in- 

 dividuals of the common Brook Trout mentioned by Denys. The 

 evidence thereon is discussed in my edition of Denys' work, 359. 



Turnis. — See Tarins. 



Turbot, — English name for a well-known large European Flat-fish, and ap- 

 plied by the early English voyagers (Haie, in 1583, and Leigh in 1597) 

 to a fish which is obviously the Halibut. Haie also calls it Bonito, 

 which must be an error in toto. The name is used by Lescarbot, with- 

 out hint of its identity, but as he uses Flétan separately, it cannot be 

 the Halibut, and as he also uses Flic it can hardly be the common 

 Flounder, unless it is merely a duplicate name for one or the other. 

 The nearest representative of the Turbot among the Flounders is the 

 Spotted Sand Flounder, which is indeed sometimes called the Spotted 

 Turbot. 



Dit de Mer. — Name applied by Champlain on his map of 1612 to a very curi- 

 ous animal, seemingly some mollusc with its shell open and siphon 

 extended, which I have been wholly unable to identify. 



Vache marine. — See Chevaulx de Mer. 



Vaultour. — French name for the Vulture, which does not occur in this region 

 except as a very rare visitant. But it is mentioned among the birds 

 of Acadia, both by Champlain, in 1604, and by Lescarbot. I think there 

 is no doubt they applied the name to the most vulture-lilce bird we 

 possess, the Osprey or Fish Hawk, a very abundant and striking bird, 

 which neither of them otherwise mentions. Furthermore, I believe it 

 is to this bird that Champlain attaches, in his list of 1632, the bit of 

 folk fiction about one foot being adapted to swimming and another to 

 holding its prey, a description which Laverdière, also attributes to tliis 

 bird under its Canadian name aif/le pêcheur. All the facts as to its 

 appearance and size given by Lescarbot fit this identification. The 

 legend has been derived from the fishing eagle of Europe, the European 

 representative of our fish-hawk. In the list in which he describes 

 this bird Champlain does not mention the Vaultour by name. The 

 name Vaultour has not persisted, at least for the Osprey, which the 

 Acadians call Pêcheur, the Fishermen (fide A. C. Smith). It is no 

 doubt the Osprey of Hore, 1536. Denys clearly describes but does not 

 name it beyond calling it a kind of Hawk. 



