[blls] geology of the OIL-SHALES OF SCOTLAND 39 



euccession of formations in connection with these rocks in Canada, is very 

 similar to that seen in Scotland, the principal structural difference seem- 

 ing to be the apparent conformity between tJie Lower Carboniferous 

 marine limestone fonnation and the underlying bituminous shale series 

 in Scotland, and the evident lack of conformity between these two divi- 

 sions as seen in New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. Concerning the dis- 

 tribution of the Perry formation to which reference has already been 

 made, and which quite recently has been shown to be sb closely related 

 to the Albert shales as to constitute part of the same fonnation, it may 

 be said that from the State of Maine on the west side of the St. Crois 

 river it extends eastward and has a large development about the town of 

 St. Andrews at the south-west evtremity of New Brunswick, and thence 

 east along the shores of Passamaquoddy bay to the vicinity of the town 

 of St. George. Further east the red conglomerates are a prominent 

 feature about Lepreau harbour where they are well exposed. Still fur- 

 ther east they come into view along the lower St. John river and are well 

 exposed around Kennebecasis bay and islands, and thence in a series of 

 large outcrops the characteristic heavy conglomerates at the base can be 

 traced through Kings and Albert counties for a distance of about 100 

 miles. 



The connexion of the Perry formation with the oil-shales may be 

 here briefly indicated. 



In the earlier reports on the geology of the State of Maine 

 (1836-38), the rocks of this group, as developed along the lower part of 

 the St. Croix river near Eastport, were regarded by Dr. C. F. Jackson, 

 from the resemblance of the red beds to those seen in the Connecticut 

 valley, as of Mesozoic age or the equivalents of the New Eed Sanstone. 

 This opinion was held till 1859, in which year Dr. W. B. Eogers ex- 

 pressed the opinion that they might be the equivalents of the Kiltorcan 

 of Ireland or Ursa, which was regarded by some persons as Devonian and 

 by others as Lower Carboniferous. They comprise the Albert shales of 

 New Brunswick and the Pocono of the Appalachian region. Later he in- 

 clined to the opinion that the Perry beds might be upper Devonian, and 

 the same opinion was about the same time expressed by Dr. Jackson. In 

 1861, Prof. Hitchcock, on assuming charge of the Geological Survey of 

 the State of Maine, requested the assistance of Sir William Dawson, who 

 had already very closely studied the Palaeozoic floras of eastern Canada. 

 Sir William thereupon visited the Perry locality and made large collec- 

 tions of the fossil plants; and after a close study of these and careful 

 comparison with the recognized Devonian plants of Gaspé and elsewhere, 

 unhesitatingly maintained that these beds were of upper Devonian age. 

 They were therefore coiTelated with the upper Devonian of Gaspé and 



