^^ ROYAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 



does not seem possible to reconcile divergent opinions as to exact geolo- 

 gical horizons for two areas so widely separated as Scotland and Canada, 

 simply from the determination of organic remains, since as has been 

 pointed out before, certain conditions may have prevailed in one or both 

 countries, by which certain forms have been introduced and have de- 

 veloped at an earlier date than in another area far removed. So far 

 therefore it has not been found entirely practicable to correlate the several 

 divisions of .the Calciferous formation in Scotland with the divisions of 

 the Perry formation in Maine and New Brunswick which is supposed by 

 some geologists to be its American equivalent. 



In a paper read by Dr. G. F. Matthew before the Royal Society of 

 Canada, 1907, on "new fossil plants of the Upper Silurian and De- 

 vonian," the comparison is made between the rocks of the Perry forma- 

 tion as seen at Kennebecasis bay, and those of Kova Scotia as at Horton 

 and Gaspereau, which include the Albert shale series. The Horton 

 rocks and the Albert shales were many years ago placed on the 

 same horizon by Sir William Dawson, and the examination recently by 

 Dr. Matthew of large collections of plant remains from these several 

 localities has furnished conclusive evidence as to their upper Devonian 

 age. Among the fossil plants enumerated are several species of Psilo- 

 phyton, including both princeps and eJegans which occur abundantly 

 both in Nova Scotia and, New Brunswick. These were always regarded 

 by Sir William as specially characteristic of the upper Devonian system. 

 Of other forms Aneimites acadica, also abundant in these rocks at several 

 places, is given as the equivalent of Tryphyllopteris, by W. P. Schimper, 

 who cites this species, Aneimites acadica, as being upper Devonian. 



Of Lepidodendra there are a number of species. In addition to L. 

 corrugatum which is very abundant, L. Gaspianum and Chemung ense 

 occur, both characteristic of the Devonian of Gaspé, with other organisms 

 also found in the Devonian of the Gaspé basin. 



Marine organisms are usually regarded as of more value in deter- 

 mining geological horizons than plant remains. It may here be re- 

 marked that but few Carboniferous marine forms occur at any point in 

 the rocks of the series under discussion either in Nova Scotia or New 

 Brunswick, but are plentiful in the limestones of the unconformably 

 overlving series which have usually been stvled Lower Carboniferous. 



