[hill-tout] PHYLOGENY OF MAN 61 



Whatever source we may derive the Cro-Magnon people from, 

 whether Africa or elsewhere, one thing is quite certain — we cannot 

 possibly relate them to their immediate predecessors, the low-browed, 

 pithecoid men of the Mousterian epoch. The two types are essentially 

 dissimilar and seem to share no feature in common. The fact that 

 Mousterian man, though so low in type in other respects, possesses 

 no negroid characters at all, seems sufficient of itself to preclude any 

 relationship between the two peoples. We seem to suddenly find 

 the two races, so strangely dissimilar, side by side in Western Europe 

 toward the close of the Mousterian epoch and then as suddenly the 

 earlier and less highly-developed race disappears from our ken en- 

 tirely. No sooner is the Cro-Magnon culture established than 

 Neanderthal man vanishes as if he never had been. From Aurignacian 

 times onward no further trace of him is found. What happened to 

 him? Was he driven out of Europe or was he complete'y extirpated 

 by the incoming Cromagniards? Some writers hold one view; 

 some the other. Others again think he was submerged by inter- 

 mixture with the superior race. A comparison of the two races, 

 however, — one a remarkably highly-developed race as we have seen; 

 the other the lowest and most bestial type of man of which we have 

 any knowledge — does not seem to lead one to this conclusion, but 

 rather to the view that the inferior race was speedily exterminated 

 by the superior one. Incidents of the kind have not infrequently 

 happened in human history. It happened not so long ago, as we 

 know, in the case of the natives of Tasmania. And yet, viewing 

 the matter in the light of the Aryan invasion of India where the 

 circumstances must have been very similar to those in this case, and 

 remembering also the decrease in the stature of the Cro-Magnons 

 after Aurignacian times, it does not seem altogether improbable that 

 some kind of a mixture of the two races may have taken place. 



Viewing the matter thus in the light of general history, what 

 seems most likely to have taken place was the general extermination 

 of the men of the inferior race and the sparng of the pick of their 

 women. Such a procedure would be quite in accordance with the 

 usage of primitive man. 



This view seems to fit in best with the facts of the case. For 

 if they had been forced into other regions — as, for example, the 

 Alpine race was in Great Britain after the invasion of the later Baltic 

 hordes — and not wholly extirpated or absorbed, we ought to find 

 some evidence of the fact; but we do not, and nothing at present 

 seems more certain than the absolute disappearance of Neanderthal 



