[JOHNSTON] PLEISTOCENE OSCILLATIONS 13 



does not represent the actual position of the old sea-bottom. The till 

 below the marine zone overlies stratified sands, silts and clays varying 

 from a few feet to nearly 100 feet in thickness which are again under- 

 lain by till. These stratified deposits and lower till are evidently to 

 be referred to the Admiralty sediments and Admiralty till and, there- 

 fore, the marine horizon is probably later than a till which overlies 

 these deposits. 



An excavation 26 feet deep for a sewer along 16th Avenue West 

 in Kitsilano, Vancouver, exposed near the base of the cutting, a shell 

 bed which was continuous in the section for a distance of nearly 

 1,000 feet. The shells occur in the upper 1 or 2 feet of blue stony 

 unstratified clay, to 8 feet of which are exposed at the base of the 

 section, and in a sandy layer, a few inches thick overlying the clay. 

 The shell beds are overlain by 3 to 6 feet of sand without definite 

 stratification and stony in places. The sand is overlain by 12 to 

 16 feet of faintly stratified silt and clay, barren of fossils and containing 

 numerous large glaciated boulders. The shell bed occurs at this 

 locality at a height of 50 feet above the sea. No true till overlies the 

 shell bed but the presence of glaciated boulders in the overlying clays 

 and the unfossiliferous character of the clays shows that glacial 

 conditions followed the formation of the shell beds. The till exposed 

 at the bottom of the section probably overlies the stratified (Ad- 

 miralty) sediments but this relation was not directly observed. 



Fossil marine shells were also found in a section exposed by the 

 construction of the Pacific highway along the side of the hill on 

 the south side of Fraser river 1>'2 miles above New Westminster. 

 The hill rises somewhat steeply from the level of the river up to about 

 200 feet. At the base of the section in the road cutting which rises 

 gradually along the side of the hill blue stony till is exposed. The 

 shells occur in the upper 1 to 3 feet of the stony clay and in a sandy 

 bed a few inches thick overlying the clay. The shell beds are over- 

 lain directly by 6 to 10 feet of stratified sand and clay barren of 

 fossils, and immediately to the east the till and the fossiliferous beds 

 pass beneath a thick deposit of stratified sand and gravel in which a 

 large excavation for a gravel pit has been made. The gravels are 

 at least 50 feet thick and occur in the form of a ridge or dome with 

 marked stratification dipping down on either side in the form of an 

 anticline. They are, therefore, probably fluvio-glacial in origin and 

 show that glacial conditions followed the deposition of the shell beds. 

 The shell beds at this locality are 40 to 50 feet above the sea. The 

 occurrence of the marine beds at this locality on the north slope of 

 the hill and only 40 to 50 feet above the level of the river shows that 



