42 THE ROYAL SOCIETY OV CANADA 



Silicia 97 . 72 per cent 



Alumina 42 



Iron oxide 32 



Lime 28 



Magnesia 21 



Loss on ignition 12 



99.07 " 



The iron content of the washed sand is probably too high to 

 permit of its use in the manufacture of white glass, but it would be 

 suitable for green bottle glass. The alumina content is also higher 

 than is desirable, as alumina has the efïect of making the glass batch 

 more difficult to melt. The grain size or texture of the sand is right 

 for glass-making as most of it is included between the 20 and 100 mesh 

 screens. 



The unwashed sand should be suitable for steel moudling foundry 

 use, as there is just enough clay present to act as a binder but not too 

 much. The clay content is greater than 5 per cent, in some parts of 

 the sand deposit, and quite an appreciable amount of fine white clay 

 could be obtained by washing. There are also lenses of pink and 

 yellowish sand as well as white sand, but the colour in this case appears 

 to be easily washed out in water and a white sand obtained. 



It should be noted that there are no sands of this description 

 either in the Glacial or inter-Glacial deposits of the region. 



Clays 



It would be difficult to mine any of the special parts of the 

 deposit separately, as the white clay, which is the most valuable part, 

 merges into pink, yellow, or grey clay, so that no great quantity of it 

 could be extracted alone. 



The mottled pink and white clay, which makes up the greater 

 part of the clay portion of the deposit, was sampled for testing pur- 

 poses. It is fairly plastic, but gritty, has good working and drying 

 qualities, and burns to a pink, dense body at 1,100°C. When burned 

 to 1,300°C. — the temperature at which firebricks are generally burned 

 — ^the body is steel-hard and has a greyish-pink colour. The total 

 shrinkage at this temperature is 10 per cent, and the absorption 

 13 per cent. This material is a fire-clay, as it does not begin to soften 

 until subjected to a temperature of 1,670^., and could be used to 

 make a good commercial grade of fire-brick or other refractory wares. 



