APPENDIX A LUI 



last 50 years having taken from its small forest area, wood and wood 

 products to the value of $200,000,000 without impairing its producing 

 power. 



France has in the last 60 years reclaimed 2,300,000 acres of ab- 

 solutely waste land by forest planting at an outlay of $15,000,000. 

 These areas are now estimated to have a value of $135,000,000 and 

 furnish annual crops which sell for $10,000,000, a yield of 67 per cent 

 per annum on the initial outlay. 



One country after another in Europe has come to recognize the 

 'necessity of substituting proper management of its forests for ruth- 

 less exploitation, the last to fall into line being Sweden and Russia, 

 the net income derived by the latter country from the 300,000,000 

 acres of state forest which are actually worked being about $30,000 000 

 per annum. 



The revenue from the forests of British India under the administra- 

 tion of the Indian Forest Service amounted last year to $14,000,000. 

 Over one and a quarter million dollars were derived from the sale of 

 minor produce other than timber and a similar amount was obtained 

 by leasing grazing privileges in these forests. 



In the United States also there is now a regularly established 

 forest service with great government forest reserves. These are being 

 increased from time to tome. At the close of Mr. Roosevelt's ad- 

 ministration they had an area of 175,000,000 acres. In 1910 the 

 government set aside the sum of $10,000,000 to purchase additional 

 forest reserves in the White Mountains and in the southern Ap- 

 palachians. 



In all the European countries and in India some of the forests 

 are owned by the state, some by municipalities or communes and 

 some by private persons. The forests owned by the different German 

 states represent about 33 per cent of the total forest areas, while in 

 Russia the government owns 62 per cent and in Sweden 35 per cent 

 of the forests. Speaking generally, it is found that the state-owned 

 forests are the best, the most efficiently managed and the most 

 productive. 



State ownership is the most suitable owing to the long time — 

 60 to 120 years — which is required to bring the depleted forests into a 

 permanently productive condition, which naturally discourages pri- 

 vate enterprise. Since most of the forests in Canada are owned by 

 the governments, it should be a comparatively easy matter to change 

 our present methods of dealing with our forests and replace them by 

 much more efficient ones. Only two reasons for hesitation can be put 

 forward — firstly, that any change may interfere with private opera- 

 tions, and, secondly, that the expense entailed would be very great. 



